BUSINESS MANAGEMENT UNIT 4 AOS 2 IMPLEMENTING CHANGE

leadership

skill of manager to influence and motivate employees to achieve business objectives

effective leaders

motivate

role model/mentor

teamwork and collbaoration

inspire loyalty, dedication and commitmnet

respond quickly to change and help others do the same

during change leaders

build and communicate clear vision for change

listen to employee concerns and provide support

seek new ideas and freely share info

decentralised dm

focus employee, stakeholder and business needs

need effective leaders during change

help work towards change and become driving force

overcome challenges

momentum towards change

overcome restraining forces more easily

reduce stress and social anxiety

inc change change successfully implemented by business

management strategies

business need to monitor review and measure kpis over time

determine which being analysed

apply threshold when do you investigate variation

investigation variation and determine why

mplement change

13 management strategies

staff training

staff motivation

change in management styles or management skills

increased investment in technology

improve quality in production

cost cutting

initiating lean production techniques

redeployment of resources

innovation

global sourcing of inputs

overseas manfuacture

global outsourcing

staff training

process of improving an employees knowledge and skills for them to perform their jobs more effectively and efficiently

on or off the job

lead to personal growth

opportunity for career development

more likely to be motivated

staff training; business opportunities

improve skills, enhance product quality, better service, boost reputation

new products developed, expand database

staff motivation

willingness or drive to exert high levels of effort to reach business objectives whilst also satisfying individual employee’s need to achieve

dont maslow

prp, career advancement, investment in training, support, sanction

prp

financial reward for employees whose work has met or exceeded a certain standard

career advancement

promoting employees to positions that include more responsibility and pay

investment in training

process of enhancing an employees knowledge or skills to help them perform their job more efficiently and effectively

support

show care encouragement and acknowledgement for an employees work

sanction

penalties for poor performance or disobeying policy

staff motivation business opportunities

motivated employees improve performance, help drive new innovations, expand market and market share

change in management styles

manner and approach of providing direction, implementing plans and motivating people

decision making, communication, orientation

nature of task time employe experience manager preference

autocratic persuasive consultative participative laissez faire

change in management skills

ability to do smth well gained through training and experience

communication interpersonal delegation planning leadership

autocratic

manager maintains all control whilst directing staff

persuasive

manager makes decision and convinces employees of its benefits

consultatitve

manager asks opinions when discussing issue but management makes final decision

participative

management and staff work together to make decision

laissez faire

manager leaves majority of dm and running of business to employees

communication

process of creating and exchanging info between people to produce required response

delegation

passing authority down hierarchy to perform tasks or make decisions

planning

process of determining objectives and strategies to achieve them

leadership

skill of a manager to influence and motviate employees to achieve business objectives

interpersonal

understand and interact with others individually and in a group

change in management styles or management skills business opportunities

varied styles can improve employee morale, market growth, employee manager skills and stakeholder confidence

increased investment in technology

practical application of science to achieve commercial and industrial objectives

automated production lines robotics cam cad ai online services

automated production lines

equipment and machines organised in a sequence and controlled by computer system to automatically perform tasks

robotics

integrates computer science and engineering in the design, construction and use of machines to perform manual tasks

computer aided design cad

product that create product possibility from a set of parameters

computer aided manufacturing cam

software that allows production process to be controlled and directed by computers a

ai

development of computer programs that imitate human intellect

online services

providing info or support over the internet

increased investment in technology business opportunities

access to global market or new product developments

improved production quality

degree of excellence in a GS and its ability to satisfy the customer

quality management, controll, assurance, tqm

quality management

management of production process that ensures outputs are consistently reliable and durable

quality control

reactive procedure that aims to ensure gs meets set of quality criteria set by performing checks at regular intervals

quality assurance

proactive system where business meets set of predetermined quality standards set by independent body

total quality management tqm

holistic approach where all members of an organisation focus on continuous improvement customer focus, defect prevention and universal responsibility

improved production quality business opportunities

superior quality and differentiation help competitiveness, enforce reputation, introducing to new potential markets and customer bases

cost cutting

through

reviewing reducing removing non essential costs

controlling and monitoring cash flow

exploring discounts and promotions to encourage early invoice payments

get expert advice

sell assets to raise funds

use renewable energy

make employees redundant

divert funds from other areas

cost cutting business opportunities

redivert funds to make one area more appealing to customers

implementing lean production techniques

deliver customer value by reducing waste and focusing on continous improvements

pull takt one piece flow zero defects p

pull

production of gs only starts when customer places order

one piece flow

uninterrupted production of gs from start to end tak

takt

operations process creates rhythm where all steps of process are synchronised

zero defects

focus on quality and identifying potential defects asap to resolve issue quickly and efficiently

implementing lean produciton techniques business opporunities

more streamlined process

can help offer new products more quickly or rpovide sufficient goods to enter new market

redeployment of resources

process of reallocating resources like materials, equipment and labour to different departments, sites and countries to improve efficiency, effectiveness, and reduce wastage

natural labour capital

natural resources

material source of wealth in natural state with material value

timber fresh water or mineral

labour resources

human physical and mental effort used increation of natural resources capti

capital resources

human made items used in production process

machinery equipment

redeployment of resources business opportunities

cost savings, tapping into high growth areas, exploring new domains of business opprotuntiies

innovation

adopting smth new or improving on what already exists

research market trends and desires

risk

research and development

test new ideas

innovation business opportunities

enter new market

differentiation

leading industry trends

global sourcing of inputs overseas manufacturing global outsourcing

business use input suppleir from overseas country

when productino of good occurs in overseas location by business or outsourcing

handing over part of operations to overseas business

global sourcing of inputs overseas manfuacturing global outsourcing business opportunity

enter new markets

foster international partnerships

acccess to new markets

increase brand recognition

cater ot local demands

corporate culture

shared values and beliefs of ppl within business

observable non observable, official real

official corporate culture

set of shared values and beliefs a business wants its people to display

formal written expression

seen in mission and values statement, logo, slogan, company documents

real corporate culture

set of values and beliefs employees actually display

observe relationships and interactions

vision and values statmenet

outlines businesses aspirations and vlaues

outlines what business sees as its corporate alues and centers on integrity honesty and ethical behaviour

strategies to develop corporate culture

management lead by example and role model

formal written mission visioon and values statement

regularly communicate desired behaviour to reinforce

recognise and reward

change management style

continually review during change to empower employees

change physical environment

preserve stories, narratives and ritual to preerve culture

recruit employees who fit culture

business policies

written statement of processes procedures rules and regulations

workplace bullying, equal opporutnity, acceptable it use, grievance procedure

senge’s learning organisation

a business is flexible, adaptive and productive, aiming to have a culture where people work tgt and learn to work tgt at their best

help to excel in change w new ideas and creativity

linked to corporate culture for continuous improvement creativity and reflection on current

systems thinking personal mastery mental models building a shared vision team learning

systems thinking (def + 2)

ability to see the big picture rather than things in isolation

analyse relationships in business and long term cause and effect

advocated for systems map diagram w key elements of system and how they connect, help manager to consider all parts of business when making long term approach

personal mastery

individuals in business undertake continuous learning towards personal mastery

business learns if employee follows passions and learns

high levels of personal mastery are aware of what they do dont know and need to improve

compulsory training program wont help - must foster limate where challenging status quo is expected and employees are encouraged to create and pursue their own visions

mental models (def + 2)

deeply entrenched assumptions, generalisations and images of how people understand thte world

business and peoople must self reflect what they think adn do for business to change

must id, if restraining forces must be replaced by those which will create desired effect

building shared vision

creating a picture for the future all people in the business believe in

to increase commitment over compliance, come from all not just leader

spread and reinforce for enthusiasm ideas talk

team learning

process of aligning and developing team capabilities to create results members truly desire

work tgt learn faster

exists examples where intelligence of team > individual to produce extraordinary resutls

need dialogue and think tgt

advantages senges learning organisation

more likely excel during rapid change

encourages grow and improve

productivity and competitiveness
empowerment and motivation

disadvantages senges

req cultural knowledge which takes time

large business can struggle to share ideas n knowledge w all

low risk strategies

participative approach to change use of communication, empowerment, work groups, support for those impacted upon

communication empowerment support incentives

communication

process of creating and exchanging info btwn ppl that produces desired response

use two way so shareholders are aware of changes and beenfits

open and honest for employees to voice and understand change

advantages communication

if understand then wont resist

disadvantages communication

time consuming meet 1n1 or staff meeting

empowerent

giving employees permission to make limited decisions without consulting superiors

decentralised dm

advantages empowerment

employees more likely to be driv force

better decisiosn n strategies w more input

disadvantages empowerment

time consuming to involve

lack skills and knowledge to meaningfully participate

differing ideas n involvement can change from management’s desired change

support

designed to show care encouragement and acknowledgement for employees work

manager be aware of fears and offer assistance

advantages support

more comfortable less likely to resist from fear

good training program inspire confidence they wont be left behdin in change

disadvantages support

time consuming

expensive

incentives

inducement offered to gain support for the change

not bribe but encouragement

advantages incentives

empower

less resistance

disadvatages incentives

costly

may feel manipulated

high risk approach to change

autocratic approach to implementing change involving use of force threats, manipulation

manipulation threats

manipulation

business may provide selective information and not disclose full impact of change

last resort to push change through

omit or sound more advantageous

advantages manipulation

quickly get on board

quick easy cheap no cost meeting investment

disadvantages manipulation

loss employee trust damage relationship

reduce feelings of worth

deceptive devious and unethical

threat

forcing employees to embrance change or face negative consequences

job security loss promotion transfer

advantages threat

less resistance

quick easy cheap

disadvatnages threats

loss trust in management damage relationship

decrease worth

bad corporate culture

potential increased resistance industrial or unproductive

lewins 3 step model

for successful change

unfreeze change refreeze

unfreeze

breaking down existing situation or status quo

id what change, create urgency by demonstrating need for change, challenge restraining beliefs like org inert, assist ppl to unlearn current bheaviour

force field analysis here

change

swtich from current to new situation

implement new processes and procedures

need open communication, support and necessary resources to empower ppl to take action

refreeze

ensure new behaviour and change are stabilised and reinforced

embed into policies, procedure and culture for long term, continuous support and training to reinforce, cleebrate success

otherwise business revert to old ways

stakeholder

individual or group w direct or vested interest in business activities

owner/shareholders, manager employee general community customer, supplier

owner/shareholder

individual or entity with portion of ownership in business

primary concern company growth and profitability that affects returns and value of investment

unlimited liabliity for sole trader and partnership

advantages for owners

change boost profit and shareholder returns

capital gains from inc share prices

competitive edge and long term growht

higher dividend

expand into new markets to increase market share and revenue