NURS 140 QUIZ #1

Characteristics of the RN Today:

Represents the largest segment of the healthcare workforce in the U.S

More than 4.7 million RNs

Majority employed in hospitals

Dominated by females (11.2% males)

Median age is 46 years old

Race of U.S. RNs

White 79.4%

Asian/Pacific Islander 7.4%

Black/African AMerican 6.3%

Hispanic/Latino 6.9%

3 routes of education: Assosiates

2 yrs (normally at community college)

3 routes of education: BSN

4 yrs (through a university or college)

3 routes of education: Diploma

3 yrs with a hospital school of Nursing (only 4% of people have this in U.S.)

Foreign Educated RNs

Practicing RNs in the U.S. completed their basic nursing education outside the U.S. and its territories

Top 3 areas of Foreign Educated RNs

Philippines (top one)

India

Nigeria

Nurse Practitioner (NP)

provides primary health care for a particular group, such as children, women, or elderly.

Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)

experts in a particular field of clinical practice and often provides direct care to patients with DIfficult or complex problems.

Certified Nurse-Midwife (CNM)

assists women and couples during uncomplicated pregnancies, delivered, and post delivery periods

Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)

specialties in the administration of the anesthesia

CRNA; makes the most money; Mean is 80 salary

Florence Nightingale

During the Crimean War (1853-1856), she provided care to the wounded soldiers and introduced sanitary science.

Florence Nightingale

In 1859, she wrote "Notes of Nursing"

Florence Nightingale

In 1860, founded the 1st training school for nurses at ST. Thomas Hospital, London.

Florence Nightingale

Founder of Modern Nursing

The American Civil War (1861-1873)

An Impetus (impulse) for "Training Nursing"

Conditions at Military "hospitals" were horrible (wounded/dying men in filthy conditions).

Dorothea L. Dix (civil war)

- appointed Superintendent of Women Nurses of the Army.

- created a month long training program at 2 NY hospitals

Clara Barton (civil war)

Civil War nurse instrumental in founding the American Red Cross

First 3 American training schools for nurses was modeled after Nightingale's famous school in London

- Bellevue Training school for nurses in NYC

- Connecticut Training School for Nurses in New Haven

- the Boston Training school for Nurses at Massachusetts General Hospital

Linda Richards

1st trained nurse in the U.S.

Mary Eliza Mahoney

1st trained African American nurse in the U.S.

School for Male Nurses

- In 1886, the school was established exclusively for the training of men in nursing.

- School for Male Nurses at the NYC Training School

Chicago World's Fair

- turning point for nursing

A society of nurses met and discussed lack of uniformity in nursing school curricula and inadequacy of nursing education.

Chicago World's Fair

- In 1912, society named National League of Nursing Education

- In 1952, changed name to National League of Nursing (NLN) (Accreditation Organization)

- In 1911, American Nurse Association (ANA)

- Organization you can join after graduation, its more generalized nursing so not specific to one type of nursing.

Lilian Wald

founded The Henry Street Settlement

Henry Street Settlement

Established first formalized Public Health Nursing Practice

- Cared for well babies, treating minor illnesses, preventing health disease transmission, and providing health education to neighborhood

"Permissive licensure laws"

- In 1903, NC, NJ, NY and VA passed "Permissive licensure laws" for nursing.

- Nurses could not use title of registered nurse unless they were registered

- In 1923, all states required permissive licensure, but exams were not standardized

- In 1950, the NLN was responsible for administering the first nationwide State Board Exam.

Influenza Pandemic (September 1918 to August 1919)

- Swept the nation and eventually the world

- Infected ⅓ of the world's population

- Public education in home care and hygiene thru the American Red Cross was done by nurses

Mary Breckinridge

Established the Frontier Nursing Service in 1925

Frontier Nursing Service

- 1st known as Kentucky Committee for Mothers and Babies

- First organized midwifery program in the U.S.

- Traveled by horseback

- Delivered babies, provided prenatal and postnatal care, and provided education for mothers and their families

COVID Pandemic

- Late 2019, started in Wuhan, China

- Severe acute respiratory syndrome

- Worldwide public health crisis

- Late 2020, vaccines because available

- "Long Covid" - symptoms that never resolved from having covid

- Large number of nurses left the profession

Social Factors Affecting Nursing

1. Gender

2. The image of Nursing

3. National population trends

4. Technology

5. The shortage of nursing