Lab Slides 2: Introduction to Chemistry

pH

represents a measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution

Acids

substance that donates a hydrogen ion or produces them

Bases

substances that accept hydrogen ions or ionize in water

As hydrogen ions go down, the solution becomes more

basic

pH blood

7.4

pH gastric acid

1.5

pH pure water

7.0

pH urine

6

pH saliva

6.7

Buffer

a substance that resists large changes in pH

an example of Sodium carbonate (NaHCO3)

alka seltzer

An example of calcium carbonate (CaCO3)

Tums & Rolaids

Ionic bonds

results from the electrical attraction between oppositely charged ions

Hydrogen bonds

Weak bonds. Shared between hydrogen and other
atoms.

Covalent Bonds

The sharing of electron pairs between two atoms

Covalent

The sharing of electron pairs between two atoms.

Ionic bonds require

one positive ion and one negative ion to be stable

Covalent bonds are the linking of

two atoms