CONGRESSIONAL STRUCTURE AP GOV TEST

which article of the U.S. constitution establishes the bicameral legislature and how does it divide powers?

Article 1 establishes the bicameral legislature dividing it into house of representatives (population based) and the senate (state equity representation)

Compare the constitutional role of the house of representatives vs the senate

• House - represents population proportionally

• Senate- represents states equally (2 per state)

What are the distinct roles regarding revenue and fiscal power

• House- exclusive organization of all revenue bills

• senate- action on all revenue bills following house passage

what are the differences in confirmation authority between the house and senate

• house- no conformation powers over presidential nominees

• Senate- sole power to confirm presidential nominees

Contrast the deliberative style of the house and senate

• house- formal and strict debate rules

• senate- informal debate and unlimited speech

How do the committee roles differ between the house and senate

• house- critical due to large size and primary locus of legislative work

• senate- important but individual senates have significant floor power

How are boundary lines for congressional districts established and how often

established by state legislatures and following the census

gerrymandering

process of re drawing districts based on race good or bad

goal of redistricting

hold constitutional power and house seats

significance in baker v carr

equal amedments clause 14th

Top presiding official

• house- speaker of house

• senate- vice pres

FILIBUSTER AND CLOTURE

MOTION FOR CLOTURE REQUIRES 60 VOTES TO ENDFILIBUSTER AND BRING TO FINAL VOTGE

PRESIDENTIAL VETO AND OVERRIDES

AT LEAST ONE THIRD

POWER OF THE PURSE

CONGRESS HAS AUTHORITY UNDER ART 1 CONSTITUTIONAL POWER TAXATION

Trustee Model

Representative relies on personal judgment and expertise to decide long-term constituent welfare

Delegate Model

Representative strictly acts as an agent/voice for the expressed desires of constituents

Politico Model

Representative acts as a delegate on high-salience constituent issues and a trustee on complex issues