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Aspiration
P,t,k beginning of stressed syllable pen h
Unaspirated
P,t,k when a plosive follows s stand =
Devoiced
B,d,g before after pause or voiceless consonant gold o
Inaudible release, unreleased
All plosives before a pause or in plosive or plosive plus affricate clusters
Lateral release
when l is after t,d settle
Nasal release
Plosive is before nasal sounds for homoranic sounds p,b plus m, t,d plus n, k,g plus ng happen
Dark l , velarized l
Final position or before consonants
Syllabic n
Takes the role of a vowel in the core of a syllable button |
Glottal replacement
Glottal stop instead of t, before syllabic n button, before a pause what, before h short hair, between vowels butter
Glottal reinforcement
P,t,k,cz vowel or Sonorant is before and consonant is after tiptoe, before a pause tip, before vowel teacher, before , word finally before a vowel hot air
Syllabic
In unstressed syllables for l,m,n,ng when consonant takes the role of a vowel s schwa is dropped listen |
Devoicing of obstruents
B,d,g,v,th,z,rz,dz before or after a pause , before or after voiceless consonant website o
Devoicing of approximants
W,l,r,j after voiceless plosive p,t,k in stressed syllables pray o
Dentalization
T,d,n,s,z,l before dental consonant th width
Labiodentalization
P,b before labiodental consonant f,v obvious
Palatalization
T,d,k,g,p,b before high front vowels or approximant j tune j
Retracted alveolar consonants
T,d,s,z,n,l before r or Palato alveolar sounds sz,rz,cz,dz try
Advanced velar plosives
K,g for near front vowels
Retracted velar plosives
K,g near back vowels talk
Pre fortis clipping
Vowels before fortis consonants p,t,k,f,s,th,sz,cz