History: Meaning, Methods, and Use.

History

• Concerned about the human past and the development of mankind.

• Bipartite

• Tripartite

  • Clerico imperialist School

  • Assimilationist

  • Nationalist School

  • Democratic Imperialist school

  • Nationalist realist transition school

  • Pure nationalistic school

  • Leftist-socialist or Marxist view.

Approaches to Philippine history: (B T (C A N D N P L)

Clerico imperialist School

• Catholicism is the instrument of God to redeem the native inhabitants from the clutches of evil

Assimilationist

• Rise of secularism and nationalism and the new ideologies of enlightenment brought about this view.

• God was now secularized and used in defense of the Filipinos right as human beings who should be treated with dignity and respect.

• Preached equality between Filipino and Spaniards.

Nationalist School

• Outbreak of Philippine revolution and the subsequent Fil-Am war strengthened the natives nationalistic resolved to win their freedom.

• Aimed to influence the destiny of the Filipino nation.

Democratic Imperialist school

• Recipient of the blessings of American civilization.

• Mission is carried out through physical expansion.

Nationalist realist transition school

• Reconstruction of the past as reflected in records written, collected, and synthesized, by historians.

• Members still displayed Spanish colonial mentality.

Pure nationalistic school

• Study Philippine history from the Filipino point of view.

Leftist-socialist or Marxist view.

• Class conflict and social movement.

• Labor force.

Bipartite

• Spanish justifies colonialism.

• The Philippines were Uncivilized and Backward people before Christianity.

Branch of Knowledge and Discipline
Narratives
Literature

• Social science is only developed in the 21st century.

• Sientia et humanides (Science and Humanities)

• Humanities: Philosophy, Arts, Literature (has artistic license).

• History produces _: History and _ can be joined in harmony (Proof based and Artistic license)

Stage
Static
Time
Stagnation
Individual
Most effective

Important Elements of History:

• S_ / Place - _

• T_ - Tracing of development or _.

• I_ - Those who react with time / _.

Primary
Secondary

RECORDED HISTORY:

• Relies on data or sources from past events.

• _ and _ sources.

Primary sources

• Directly from the source. (Autobiographies, court testimony. Produced by an event: (Minutes of the meeting, Birth certificate)

Secondary sources

• From secondhand accounts

Material culture (Artifacts)

• A_ (S_)

• J_ (Golden Age of painting and Cinema)