Unit 3 & 4 Vocab

Algorithm

A set of steps or rules to follow to solve a particular problem.

Print

Displaying text on the screen.

Declaring a variable

Defining a variable for the first time.

Variable

A symbol or container that holds a value.

Initialize a variable

Giving a variable an initial value.

Concatenation

Adding two strings together using the '+' operator.

String variable

A variable with text as the value.

Integer variable

A variable with a whole number as the value.

Float variable

A variable with a decimal number as the value.

Input

A function that prints a prompt and retrieves text from the user.

Exponentiation

Representing repeated multiplication of a number by itself.

Modulus

A mathematical operation that returns the remainder when one number is divided by another.

Type conversion

The process of converting the value of one data type to another.

Properties of an object

The variables that are attached to the object (e.g., size, color).

Event

An action that a program detects and responds to as input.

Callback function

A function passed as a parameter to another function to be called later.

Arithmetic Operators

Operators used to perform basic mathematical tasks including + (addition), - (subtraction), * (multiplication), / (division), and % (modulus).

snake case

A style of writing where each space is replaced by an underscore and the first letter of each word is lowercase.

Function

A command that you invent and name to break programs into smaller parts.

Boolean

A True or False value.

Logical operators

Operators used to make logical associations between boolean values (AND, OR, NOT).

Comparison operators

Operators used to make comparisons between values, returning a Boolean result.

If statement

Executes code only if the condition is true.

Else statement

Executes code only if all conditions are false.

Sequential programming

Programs that are executed sequentially from start to finish.

Non-sequential programming

A programming paradigm where multiple tasks can be completed at once or out of sequential order.

For loops

A loop that lets us repeat code a fixed number of times.

Pseudorandom

Not actually random, but appears to be random.

Infinity loop

A loop that never ends because the stop condition is never met.

While loop

A loop that repeats as long as a condition is true.

Break & Continue

Exits the current loop and resumes execution at the next statement.