alternative protein foods

alternative protein foods (APF)

there are 2 main forms, depending on their souce

1. produced by soya beans e.g Tofu, TVP, soya milk

2. produced by micro organisims, mycoprotein produced by fugus e.g Quorn

APF - tofu

a soft cheece like food that has been made by currdling soya milk and pressing the resulting curds into blocks e.g curries

APF - TVP - textured vegetable protein

when soya flour is cooked under pressure and then dried e.g lasagne

APF - soya milk

soaking soya beans in water than grindiing them with the soaking water e.g beverages

APF - quorn

mycoprotien produced by a fungus and can be similar to meat e.g mince or as ready made meals e.g lasagne

Nutritonal value of soya beans - protein

43% excellent souce - HBV protein 74% even though a plant food e.g glycinnin, lower in methionine then meat

Nutritonal value of soya beans- fats

20% good souce - polyunsaturated fat e.g linoleic fatty acid, an essentail fatty acid

Nutritonal value of soya beans- carbohydrates

21 % good soue - cotains starch and fibre

Nutritonal value of soya beans- vitamins

contains B group vitamins, TVP can be fortified witih B12

Nutritonal value of soya beans- minerals

contains non haem iron and small amounts of calcium , TVP can be fortified with iron

Nutritonal value of soya beans- water

14% - low water content as it is a dried product

production of TVP

1. cleaining - soya beans are cleaned and outer husks are removed

2. oil is extracted - oil is removed

3. flour - soya beans are ground into flour

4. removal of carbohydrates - carbohydrates are removed along with fats, make it a protein concentrated product

5. addition of other ingidients - vegetable oil, flavourings (e.g chicken), seasoning and nutritional additves (e.g iron) are added to make it similar to meat

6. heat + excrusion - the micture is heated and excruted through a nozzle to get the correct texture similar to meat

7. chopping or mincing - the mixture is chopped or minced and product is dried

8. packaging and labelling - the TVP is packaged and labbelled in plastic or paper bags of various sizes with the name, ingridients, nutritional information, best before date etc.