Biblical and Ancient Near Eastern Chronology

Flashcards covering key dates, reigns, events, and archaeological texts from biblical and ancient Near Eastern history.

Abraham’s Birth

Dated to 2166.

Nuzi Documents

Ancient documents dated from the early 2 mill BC to the early 15th century.

Mari Texts

Ancient texts dated to the 18th Century BC.

Exodus

Event dated to 1446/ 1260.

Thutmosis III

Egyptian ruler associated with the Exodus period, reigning from 1479-1425.

Ramses II

Egyptian ruler associated with the Exodus period, reigning from 1290-1224.

Desert Wanderings

Period dated to 1446-1406/ 1260-1220.

Hammurabi’s Code

Ancient law code dated to ca. 1754 BC.

Neo-Hittite Treaty Dates

Treaty dates placed in the Late Bronze (2 Mill BC).

Entry into the Land

Event dated to 1406/ 1220.

Joshua’s Death

Dated to 1375 or 1210.

Period of the Judges

Historical era dated to 1375-1055 or 1210-1050[3].

Merneptah Stela

Ancient stela dated to 1209/08 BC.

Amarna Texts

Texts dated to approximately the rule of Amenhotep IV (1352-1336 BC).

Saul’s reign

Reign of Israel's king dated to 1050-1010.

David’s reign

Reign of Israel's king dated to 1010-971.

Tel Dan Stela

Ancient inscribed stela dated to the late 9th century BC.

Solomon’s reign

Reign of Israel's king dated to 971-931.

Divided kingdom

The division of the monarchy into two kingdoms, dated to 931.

Northern kingdom

The northern monarchy of Israel, existing from 931-722.

Jeroboam 1

King of the Northern kingdom beginning his rule in 931.

Zimri

King of the Northern kingdom who reigned from 886-885.

Omri

King of the Northern kingdom who reigned from 885-874.

Jehu

King of the Northern kingdom who reigned from 841-813.

The Mesha Stela

Inscribed stela dated to ca. 840 BC.

Jeroboam II

King of the Northern kingdom who reigned from 782-753.

Menahem

King of the Northern kingdom who reigned from 752-740.

Pekahiah

King of the Northern kingdom who reigned from 742-740.

Pekah

King of the Northern kingdom who reigned from 740-732.

Hoshea

Final king of the Northern kingdom who reigned from 732-722.

Destruction of Samaria

The fall and destruction of the Northern kingdom's capital in 722.

Southern Kingdom

The southern kingdom of Judah, existing from 931 – 586.

Rhehoboam

King of the Southern kingdom whose reign began in 931.

Uzziah

King of the Southern kingdom who reigned from 767-739.

Jotham

King of the Southern kingdom who reigned from 750-735.

Ahaz

King of the Southern kingdom who reigned from 735-715.

Hezekiah

King of the Southern kingdom who reigned from 715-686.

Josiah

King of the Southern kingdom who reigned from 640-609.

Jehoahaz

King of the Southern kingdom who reigned in 609.

Jehoiakim

King of the Southern kingdom who reigned from 609-598.

Jehoiachin

King of the Southern kingdom who reigned from 598-597/6.

Zedekiah

Last king of Judah who reigned from 597/6-586.

1rst deportation of Judah

First deportation of the people of Judah, dated to 605.

2nd deportation

Second deportation of Judah, dated to 596.

Destruction of Jerusalem

The fall and destruction of Jerusalem, dated to 586.

Cyrus Cylinder

Ancient Persian artifact dated to the mid to late 6th century.

Aramaic Elephantine Papyrus

Ancient Jewish document from Egypt dated to ca. 407 BC.