ARTA WEEK 8

art history

also called Art Historiography

art history

The historical study of the visual arts

cave paintings

also known as parietal art

cave paintings

Painted drawings on cave walls or ceilings

stone age

Is a term used to describe a period of history when stones were used to make tools for survival.

conjures

an image of men and women dressed in skin, huddling before a fire in a cave.

stone age

roughly span the 14,000-2,000 BCE

archeological artifacts and remains

provides modern society a glimpse of the beliefs, practices, and activities of early civilization.

stone age

has witnessed how humans were able to lead more stable

lives and eventually come up with permanent shelters and tools for survival.

humans, animals, and their natural habitats.

early humans also turned to the Creation of paintings and sculptures that depicts?

Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic

The three periods of the Stone Age

Paleolithic

the late years of the old stone age

Mesolithic

Middle Stone Age

Neolithic

New Stone Age

paleolithic

people were hunter gatherers

paleolithic

used caves as shelters

paleolithic

people were unsettled

paleolithic art

is a product of climate change

caves

became protective havens for the early humans

caves

paved the way for the birth of their first attempt to create art

Halls of Bulls (Lascaux, France)

famous paleolithic art

upper paleolithic cave art

depicts colored drawings and expressive features of animals. A full range of color is used.

Mesolithic art

is schematic; no realistic figures are present and only the color red is used.

Venus of Willendorf

famous Mesolithic art

Venus of Willendorf

This figure is a highly abstracted woman From highlighted body parts associated with fertility

Neolithic Period

began when men: first developed agriculture and settled in permanent villages

Neolithic Period

It ended with the discovery of bronze

pottery

the prime medium of Neolithic art

Stonehenge, England

famous Neolithic art

Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms

The Egyptian civilization can be divided into three periods

Egypt

was one of the richest and most civilized lands in the ancient world.

Egyptian Art

it ranges from 2,500 B.C.E - 300 B.C.E

Egypt

First civilization to develop literature, medical science and mathematics.

Pharaoh

king of ancient Egypt

King Menes, King Djoser, King Tutankhamen, Queen Nefertiti

The Pharaoh's and Queen

King Menes

also called King Narmer

King Menes

United Egypt under one government

King Menes

Founded the City of Memphis

Narmer Palette

made of smooth greyish-green siltstone and were generally flat, minimally decorated stone objects used for grinding and mixing minerals for cosmetics

Dark Eyeliner

was an essential aspect of life in Egypt

Narmer Palette

was also a symbol that commemorates the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt

King Djoser

ruler of the Old Kingdom

Imhotep

Name of the architect who designed the Step Pyramid and the King's first minister

King Tutankhamen

He became king at a very young age and died at the age of eighteen

Howard Carter

discovered his tomb in 1922 and found gold artworks and that the coffin was made out of solid gold

Egyptian Afterlife

Believed that preserving the body through mummification and burying the dead with their possessions ensures the dead person could continue their occupations after they die

afterlife

the next stage of life

sculpture

Stone figures of pharaoh and his family

Law of Frontality

- Head, eyes, shoulders, torso, hips all face forward

- Figure stands or sits straight and stiff

- Left foot forward, feet flat

- Not natural or realistic looking

architecture

pyramids made of cut stone blocks

pyramid

- Used a burial monuments for pharaoh

- Filled with beautiful art and everyday objects to keep pharaoh company in after-life

- Designed to last forever

The Great Pyramid of Giza

Also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops

Rules in Egyptian Painting

Hierarchic Proportions. Most important person is the largest. (Size of others determined by rank in society)

Descriptive Perspective

- Side view of head

- Front view of eye (not looking straight ahead)

- Front view of shoulders and torso

- Side view of hip

- Side views of: arms, legs, feet

- Hands and feet are large compared to the rest of the body

Descriptive Perspective

Rules of Egyptian Art

cartouches

an oblong enclosure with hieroglyphs on the inside, used on mummies to denote their name

Heiroglyphs

Egyptian writing system that was a combination of symbols

Carved out of stone, worn around the neck of the mummy jo show who he/she was

cartouches

are written vertically and are read from top to bottom

sarcophagus

is a container used to hold the deceased body- most often someone wealthy or noble