Unit 2 Review - Cell Structure and Function

What are three similarities between a prokaryotic and a eukaryotic cell?

They share a plasma membrane that controls what enters and exits, a jelly-like cytoplasm where reactions occur, ribosomes to build proteins, and DNA as their genetic material.

Mitochondria

Tiny membrane (sausage), it converts the food we eat into life energy ATP located in the cytoplasm (floating in the cell fluid)

Centoiles

Small barrel shaped cynlindrical organells foudn in pairs inside animal cells, located near the nucleus with in a larger area called the centrosome. Microtubes helps with cell division and build hair like movement structures.

Lysosomes

Acts as a digestive and waste disposal of the animal and other Ekaryotic cells. Shaped round small sacs in the cytoplasm (cell recycling).

Cytoplasm

Hold organelles and serves as the site for essential life processes, like a fluid the organelles float in. Vital chemical processes happen (glycoysis (sugar into energy)) Located between plasma membrane and nuclear membrane (filling interior).

Nucleus

Storing genetic material and regulating all cellular activites. Storing DNA, RNA, makes ribosomes, manages cell dibision. Oval egg shaped located in the center of the cytoplasm

Nucleolus

Synthesize and assemble ribosomal subunits which are the blocks of the cells protein factories (ribosomes), located INSIDE of the nucleus form is oval and round depending on cell shape size and activity the size can vary.

Rough ER

Located in cytoplasm/near nucleus, synthesizes, folds and packages proteins for use insdie and outside of the cell.

Golgi

Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for use inside or outside of the cel located near hte cell nucleus and ER

Vesicoles

Tiny delivery and storage package in cells using their lipid membranes to move, hold and process materials. Tiny fluid filled bubles sacs foudn floating int the cell located in the cytoplasm.

Ribosomes

Synthesizes proteins by translating genetic instructions reads from messanger RNA and builds proteins out of geneic codes. Found floating freely in cytoplasm or attached to Rough ER

Smooth ER

Synthesizes lipids, process carbs, makes hormones, clears out toxins and stores calcium. Looks like coral reef somewhat... located in cytoplasm