MIMIKARA N3 - SAME-READING - 35 WORDS

乾く / 渇く (かわく, Kawaku)

① Sth dries, gets dry (clothes, the ground, the air) — khô: 洗濯物がよく～。

② Sb is thirsty (one's throat); sb thirsts for (love, praise) — khát: 運動の後でのどが～。

TIP: Thirst takes the kanji with the water radical 氵 (you need water); everything else that dries takes the other kanji. (CAN / KHÁT)

治る / 直る (なおる, Naoru)

① Sth (an illness, an injury) heals — khỏi (bệnh): 風邪が～。

② Sth (a machine, a mistake) is fixed — được sửa: 壊れた時計が～。

TIP: Illness and injury → 1st kanji (trị); machines and mistakes → 2nd kanji (sửa). (TRỊ / TRỰC)

治す / 直す (なおす, Naosu)

① To cure (an illness) — chữa (bệnh): 薬で病気を～。

② To fix, to repair; to correct — sửa: 自転車を～。

TIP: Same rule: illness → 1st kanji; objects and mistakes → 2nd kanji. (TRỊ / TRỰC)

降りる / 下りる (おりる, Oriru)

① Sb gets off (a vehicle) — xuống (xe): 電車を～。

② Sb/sth goes down (stairs, a slope); sth is granted (permission) — đi xuống; được cấp: 階段を～。

TIP: Leaving a vehicle → 1st kanji; moving down stairs or a slope, or permission coming through → 2nd kanji. (GIÁNG / HẠ)

降ろす / 下ろす (おろす, Orosu)

① To let off, to unload (from a vehicle) — cho xuống, dỡ xuống: タクシーが客を～。
② To take down, to lower; to withdraw (money) — hạ xuống; rút (tiền): 銀行でお金を～。

TIP: Getting people or cargo out of a vehicle → 1st kanji; lowering things and withdrawing money → 2nd kanji. (GIÁNG / HẠ)

尋ねる / 訪ねる (たずねる, Tazuneru)

① To ask, to inquire — hỏi: 駅員に道を～。

② To visit — thăm: 友達の家を～。

TIP: Asking a question → 1st kanji; visiting → 2nd kanji, the PHỎNG of "phỏng vấn". (TẦM / PHỎNG)

表す / 現す (あらわす, Arawasu)

① To express, to show (feelings, ideas); to represent — biểu thị: 気持ちを言葉で～。

② To reveal, to show (oneself, one's true nature) — lộ ra: 犯人がついに姿を～。

TIP: Feelings and meanings (biểu hiện) → 1st kanji; something hidden becoming visible (xuất hiện) → 2nd kanji. (BIỂU / HIỆN)

表れる / 現れる (あらわれる, Arawareru)

① Sth shows, is expressed (feelings, effects) — thể hiện ra: 喜びが顔に～。

② Sb/sth appears, shows up — xuất hiện: 約束の時間に彼が～。

TIP: Same rule: feelings or effects showing → 1st kanji; a person or thing appearing → 2nd kanji. (BIỂU / HIỆN)

分かれる / 別れる (わかれる, Wakareru)

① Sth is divided, splits (into parts) — chia ra: 道が二つに～。

② Sb parts, breaks up, says goodbye — chia tay: 恋人と～。

TIP: Things splitting into parts → 1st kanji (phân); people parting → 2nd kanji (biệt, as in "tạm biệt"). (PHÂN / BIỆT)

写る / 移る (うつる, Utsuru)

① Sb/sth appears in a photo — hiện lên (trong ảnh): 犬も一緒に～。

② Sb/sth moves, transfers; sth (a cold) spreads — chuyển; lây: 新しい部署に～。

TIP: Photos and copies → 1st kanji (tả); moving or spreading → 2nd kanji (di). Mirrors and screens use a third kanji, 映, from N2. (TẢ / DI)

写す / 移す (うつす, Utsusu)

① To copy (notes); to photograph — chép; chụp: 友達のノートを～。

② To move, to transfer; to give (a cold) to sb — chuyển; lây: 机を窓の近くに～。

TIP: Copying and photos → 1st kanji; moving or infecting → 2nd kanji. (TẢ / DI)

伸びる / 延びる (のびる, Nobiru)

① Sth stretches, grows longer (height, hair); sth improves — dài ra; tiến bộ: 背が5センチ～。

② Sth is postponed, extended (a date, a deadline) — bị hoãn; kéo dài: 試合が来週に～。

TIP: Physical length and skills → 1st kanji; time and schedules → 2nd kanji. (THÂN / DIÊN)

伸ばす / 延ばす (のばす, Nobasu)

① To stretch, to extend; to grow (hair); to develop (a skill) — kéo dài; để dài: 髪を～。

② To postpone, to extend (a date, a deadline) — hoãn; gia hạn: 締め切りを一週間～。

TIP: Same rule: length and skills → 1st kanji; time → 2nd kanji. (THÂN / DIÊN)

解ける / 溶ける (とける, Tokeru)

① Sth is solved; sth comes untied — được giải; tháo ra: 問題がやっと～。

② Sth melts, dissolves — tan: 氷が～。

TIP: Problems, knots, misunderstandings → 1st kanji (giải); ice, sugar, snow → 2nd kanji (dung, as in "dung dịch"). (GIẢI / DUNG)

進める / 勧める / 薦める (すすめる, Susumeru)

① To advance, to proceed with — xúc tiến: 計画を～。

② To recommend, to advise, to offer — khuyên, mời: 医者が運動を～。

③ To recommend (sb or sth as a good choice) — tiến cử: 先生が彼をリーダーに～。

TIP: Moving forward → 1st; advising someone to do something → 2nd (khuyến); putting forward a person or thing as the right choice → 3rd (tiến cử). (TIẾN / KHUYẾN / TIẾN)

立つ / 建つ / 経つ (たつ, Tatsu)

① Sb/sth stands, rises — đứng: 電車の中でずっと～ていた。

② Sth (a building) is built — được xây: 駅前にビルが～。

③ Sth (time) passes — (thời gian) trôi qua: あれから三年が～。

TIP: Standing → 1st; buildings → 2nd; time → 3rd. (LẬP / KIẾN / KINH)

立てる / 建てる (たてる, Tateru)

① To stand (sth) up; to make (a plan) — dựng; lập: 旅行の計画を～。

② To build — xây: 家を～。

TIP: Buildings → 2nd kanji; everything else (plans, flags, noises) → 1st kanji. (LẬP / KIẾN)

変わる / 代わる / 替わる / 換わる (かわる, Kawaru)

① Sth changes — thay đổi: 天気が急に～。

② Sb takes the place of (a person, a role) — thay thế: 部長に～って私が説明します。

③ Sth is replaced by the next one (a new period, a shift) — được thay mới: 4月で年度が～。

④ Sth is exchanged, swapped (air, money) — được đổi: 窓を開けて空気が入れ～。

TIP: A change of state → 1st; a person taking another's role → 2nd; the next one replacing the old (a new year, a shift) → 3rd; exchange or conversion → 4th. (BIẾN / ĐẠI / THẾ / HOÁN)

変える / 代える / 替える / 換える / 返る (かえる, Kaeru)

① To change (sth) — thay đổi: 髪型を～。 ② To substitute (a person, a role) — thay: 選手を～。 ③ To swap for a new one — thay mới: 電池を新しいのに～。 ④ To exchange, to convert (money, air) — đổi: 円をドルに～。 ⑤ Sth comes back, is returned — được trả lại: 貸した本が～てきた。 TIP: The first four are "change" verbs with the same split as かわる; the 5th means "come back" (its partner is かえす). (BIẾN / ĐẠI / THẾ / HOÁN / PHẢN)

空ける / 明ける (あける, Akeru)

① To empty, to vacate; to keep (time) free — để trống: 土曜日を～ておく。

② Sth (the night) dawns; sth (the rainy season) ends; a new year begins — sáng; hết mùa: 夜が～。

TIP: Making space or time empty → 1st (không = empty); light coming, or a period ending → 2nd (minh = bright). Opening a door uses a third kanji, 開ける. (KHÔNG / MINH)

乗る / 載る (のる, Noru)

① Sb rides, gets on (a vehicle) — đi, lên (xe): 電車に～。 ② Sth is placed (on); sth appears (in a newspaper) — được đặt; được đăng: 新聞に写真が～。 TIP: People on vehicles → 1st; things placed on top, or printed in the media → 2nd (tải, as in "đăng tải"). (THỪA / TẢI)

効く / 聞く (きく, Kiku)

① Sth works, is effective (medicine) — có hiệu quả: この薬はよく～。

② To hear, to listen; to ask — nghe; hỏi: 音楽を～。

TIP: Effects (hiệu quả) → 1st; ears and questions → 2nd. (HIỆU / VĂN)

混じる / 交じる (まじる, Majiru)

① Sth is mixed in, blended (can't be told apart) — hòa lẫn: 雨に雪が～。

② Sth is mixed in among others (each still distinct) — xen lẫn: 大人の中に子供が一人～。

TIP: Blended so you can't separate them (liquids, sounds) → 1st; mixed in but still distinct (people, threads) → 2nd. The same rule applies to まざる and まぜる. (HỖN / GIAO)

固い / 硬い (かたい, Katai)

① Firm, stubborn, solid (a promise, a head, a handshake) — chắc, cứng (rắn rỏi): ～約束をする。

② Hard (material) — cứng: このパンは～。

TIP: Firm or stubborn → 1st; physically hard material (stone, bread) → 2nd. A third kanji, 堅, is used for steady, reliable. (CỐ / NGẠNH)

温める / 暖める (あたためる, Atatameru)

① To warm (things you touch or eat: food, hands) — hâm nóng: スープを～。

② To warm (the air, a room) — sưởi ấm: ストーブで部屋を～。

TIP: Touch or eat → 1st (ôn); the air and rooms → 2nd (noãn, the one with 日, the sun). Same rule for あたたまる. (ÔN / NOÃN)

超える / 越える (こえる, Koeru)

① Sth exceeds (a number, a limit) — vượt quá: 気温が40度を～。

② Sb crosses over (a mountain, a border) — vượt qua: 山を～。

TIP: Numbers and limits → 1st; crossing a place → 2nd. (SIÊU / VIỆT)

周り / 回り (まわり, Mawari)

① Surroundings, the people around one — xung quanh: 家の～は静かだ。

② Going around, rotation — vòng quanh: 時計～ (clockwise)。

TIP: Space around something → 1st (chu vi); turning or going around → 2nd (hồi). (CHU / HỒI)

差す / 刺す (さす, Sasu)

① To put up (an umbrella); (light) shines in — che (ô); chiếu: 雨の日に傘を～。

② To stab, to pierce; (an insect) to sting — đâm; đốt: 蜂が腕を～。

TIP: Umbrellas, light, pointing → 1st; sharp things and insects → 2nd (thứ = stab). (SAI / THỨ)

冷める / 覚める (さめる, Sameru)

① Sth hot cools down; feelings cool — nguội: スープが～。 ② Sb wakes up; sb sobers up — tỉnh: 大きな音で目が～。 TIP: Temperature or feelings → 1st (lãnh = cold); waking or sobering up → 2nd (giác = awake). (LÃNH / GIÁC)

冷ます / 覚ます (さます, Samasu)

① To let sth hot cool down — làm nguội: お茶を少し～。

② To wake (sb) up; to sober (sb) up — đánh thức, làm tỉnh: 顔を洗って目を～。

TIP: Same rule as さめる. (LÃNH / GIÁC)

起こる / 怒る (おこる, Okoru)

① Sth happens, occurs — xảy ra: 交差点で事故が～。

② Sb gets angry; sb scolds — tức giận; mắng: 遅刻して先生に～られた。

TIP: Events → 1st (khởi); anger → 2nd (nộ, with the heart radical 心 at the bottom). (KHỞI / NỘ)

硬貨 / 効果 (こうか, Kouka)

① Coin — tiền xu: 100円～。

② Effect, effectiveness — hiệu quả: 薬の～が出る。

TIP: Money → 1st (ngạnh hóa = "hard money"); results → 2nd (hiệu quả). (NGẠNH HÓA / HIỆU QUẢ)

乾燥 / 感想 (かんそう, Kansou)

① Dryness, drying — khô hanh: 冬は空気が～する。

② Impressions, thoughts — cảm tưởng: 映画の～を書く。

TIP: Weather and skin → 1st (can táo); opinions after reading or watching → 2nd (cảm tưởng). (CAN TÁO / CẢM TƯỞNG)

性格 / 正確 (せいかく, Seikaku)

① Personality, character — tính cách: 明るい～の人。

② Accurate, exact (～な) — chính xác: ～な時間を教えてください。

TIP: A person's nature → 1st (tính cách); correctness → 2nd (chính xác). (TÍNH CÁCH / CHÍNH XÁC)

辺り / 当たり (あたり, Atari)

① Neighborhood, nearby; around (a time) — vùng lân cận: この～に駅はありますか。

② Hit, a win (a lottery); per (一人～) — trúng; mỗi: 一人～千円。

TIP: Places and approximate times → 1st; hits, wins and "per" → 2nd. (BIÊN / ĐƯƠNG)