L4

How does Evolution by natural selection work?

Mutations

Heredity

Selection

From the perspective of Natural Selection, what is cognition concerned with?

reproduction, not accuracy

What is truth (accuray) ?

truth is a means, not an end => tradeoff

Dual process theory of cognition

System 1: fast, automatic, intuition-based

System 2: slow, effortful, reflection-based

Confusion Matrix Table

TP FN
FP TN

Accuracy

=(TP+TN)/(P+N)

Recall

TP/(TP+FN)=TP/P

Precission

TP/(TP+FP)

Types of mistakes?

False positive

False negative

Ways to measure types of mistakes?

Recall (FN)

Precision (FP)

The argumentative theory of reasoning

sophisticated human reasoning has evolved not to reach the truth, but to settle social interaction

the affect heuristic

making decisions on the basis of emotional reactions

Why is system 1 fallible?

it chooses simplicity above complexity

error management

evolutionary mismatch

Why is system 2 fallible?

adapted to the social context