Leadership Exam 2

Troy University Leadership 1100 Prof. Rouse

Values are the foundation to judge between _____ and _____ that guide our _____-______

right, wrong, decision-making

3 important values:

“It’s Friendly Combat.”

Integrity, friendship, commitment

Ethics def. from American Psychological Association

= “the branch of philosophy that examines moral principles & values, including what is considered right or wrong behavior, and the standards of conduct that guide individuals & groups.”

Morals are _____ rules you set for _______ and are acquired _____.

internal, yourself, over time

4 influences that can determine morals:

1. Family & how you were raised

2. Religion / spiritual beliefs

3. Culture & community

4. Personal experiences & what you’ve learned

Ethics are _____ rules set by a ______.

external, group

3 groups that can determine ethics:

1. school

2. job

3. team

Are morals or ethics more black-and-white?

Ethics

Listening shows…

Active engagement

3 reasons listening matters:

1. builds trust & respect

2. builds clarity & improves decision making

3. builds connection & culture

3 types of listening:

1. Passive

2. Active

3. Empathetic

Passive listening

= hearing but not engaging; only taking in the message @ surface level

Active listening

= hearing and responding w/focus & clarity

5 key elements of active listening:

“Fun Uncles Feed Children Eggplant”

1. Full attention

2. Understanding

3. Feedback

4. Clarification

5. Empathy

Empathetic listening

= understanding feelings & meanings; type of active listening where hearer goes beyond message and seeks to connect w/speaker @ an emotional level

8 bad listening habits:

“Uninterested Critics Nitpick Fact— Fake Diamonds Always Dull”

1. Calling the subject uninteresting

2. Criticizing the speaker’s delivery / mannerisms

3. Nitpicking — getting overstimulated by things the speaker does

4. Listening primarily for facts

5. Faking attention to speaker

6. Allowing interfering distractions

7. Avoiding difficult material

8. Daydreaming

What is the underlying aspect of bad listening habits?

Self-centeredness

The Listening Process:

“RAURR”

1. Receiving

2. Attending to

3. Understanding what people are saying

4. Responding

5. Remembering

7 active listening techniques:

“Mother Educated Us Perfectly— Ask Ted’s Daughter.”

1. Maintain eye contact

2. Eliminate distractions

3. Use non-verbal cues

4. Paraphrase & summarize

5. Ask clarifying questions

6. Take notes (when appropriate)

7. Don’t interrupt

7 empathetic listening techniques:

“Listen. Valid Point, Andrew, Unless

1. Listen for emotions, not just words

2. Validate feelings

3. Show patience

4. Avoid immediate fixing

5. Use supportive phrases

6. Practice perspective-taking (putting self in other shoes)

7. Respond w/compassion

5 reasons speaking is important

“Crazy But I Eat Dentures”

1. Communicates vision

2. Builds trust

3. Inspires action

4. Enhances credibility

5. Drives collaboration

8 public speaking challenges:

1. Fear of public speaking

2. Lack of clarity

3. Delivery

4. Over-use of filler words

5. Body language

6. Lack of connection w/audience

7. Active listening

8. Practice

3 key ingredients of speaking:

“OSD”;

1. Organization

2. Support

3. Delivery

Organization

aka topic, objective & main pt.s; be accurate, clear, & brief

Structure of a strong message:

1. Opening — grab attention (story, stat, Q)

2. Main Point(s) — clear, focused, logical order

3. Conclusion — memorable takeaway or call to action

Rule of 3s

info, stories, or arguments presented in groups of 3 are more memorable, engaging, or persuasive

Support

1. determine your objective

2. decide on your main pt.s (3 key ideas)

3. support your main pt.s (w/audience in mind; research, stories, stats)

4. communicate — deliver the goods

TOOTBIFELT

“The Objective Of This Brief Is For Each Listener To…”

Delivery

1. Vary tone & pitch

2. Use strategic pauses

3. Emphasize key words

4. Avoid filler words

5. Speak @ a steady, confident pace

5 kinds of non-verbal communication

1. Eye contact

2. Facial expressions

3. Gestures & hand movements

4. Posture & stance

5. Movement & space

What percent of communication is nonverbal?

93%

Which is more predominent in conversation — verbal or non-verbal communication?

Nonverbal communication

4 ways to connect with your audience:

“Human stories involve caring”

1. Be authentic & human

2. Use stories & examples

3. Involve the audience

4. Show you care about their needs

4 ways to listen before speaking:

1. Covey’s Habit 5 — seek first to understand

2. Leadership requires empathy

3. Understand concerns b4 persuading

4. Clarifies your message & builds trust