Physics: Electric Charges, Fields, and Capacitors Study Guide
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24 Terms
What is the law of conservation of charge?
The net amount of electric charge produced in any process is zero.
What happens to unlike and like charges?
Unlike charges attract; like charges repel.
What is the magnitude and sign of an electron's charge?
The magnitude is 1.602 × 10^-19 C and the sign is negative.
What is the magnitude and sign of a proton's charge?
The magnitude is 1.602 × 10^-19 C and the sign is positive.
What is the mass of an electron?
9.11 × 10^-31 kg.
What is the mass of a proton?
1.67 × 10^-27 kg.
What is the direction of the electric force between two charges of the same sign?
The force is directed away from each other.
What is the direction of the electric force between two charges of opposite signs?
The force on one is directed toward the other.
What is the electric field inside a good conductor?
The electric field is zero.
What is an equipotential surface?
A surface where all points are at the same potential, with zero potential difference between any two points.
What is the relationship between an equipotential surface and the electric field?
An equipotential surface must be perpendicular to the electric field at any point.
What is a capacitor?
A device that can store electric charge, consisting of two conducting objects placed near each other but not touching.
What is the SI unit for electric charge?
Coulomb.
What is the SI unit for electric potential?
Volt.
What is the SI unit for capacitance?
Farad.
What are the SI units for electric field?
N/C and V/m.
What is the formula for electric field?
E = F/q.
What is the formula for potential energy in terms of charge and potential difference?
PE = qV.
What is the formula for kinetic energy?
KE = ½ mv².
What is the relationship for capacitors in parallel?
The voltage across each capacitor is the same.
What is the relationship for capacitors in series?
The charge on each plate is the same.
What effect does a dielectric have on a capacitor?
It increases the capacitance.
What is the conversion from electron volts to joules?
1 eV = 1.6 × 10^-19 J.
What is the acceleration due to gravity?
g = 9.8 m/s².