Exam 3 Medications

Aspirin

Treats inflammatory conditions. Low doses help prevent certain blood clots.

Balsalazide

Used for ulcerative colitis

Choline Magnesium Trisalicylate

Used for mild pain, fever, and inflammation

Diflinisal

Used for moderate pain, fever and inflammation

Mesalamine

Used for inflammation of the large colon.

Olsalazine

Converted into mesalamine in the colon to reduce inflammation in the ulcerative colitis

Salsalate

Used for inflammation, pain, and fever

Ibuprofen

Treats headaches, fever, menstrual cramps, and inflammation

Ketorolac

Used for short-term pain often used for after surgery

Celecoxib

Cox-2 inhibitor, used for pain, and inflammation

Fenoprofen

Treats arthritis pain, inflammation and mild-moderate pain

Diclofenac

Treats arthritis, joint pain, and inflammation

Etodolac

Reduces arthritis pain and swelling

Mefanamic acid

Treats short-term pain, especially menstrual cramps

Meloxicam

Treats arthritis pain and join inflammation

Indomethacin

Treats inflammation arthritis and acute gout attacks.

Naproxen

Relieves arthritis, muscle pain, menstrual cramps, and inflammtion.

Acetaminophen

Treats pain and fever

methotrexate, lefluonomide

major nonbiologic (immunomodulators); reduces immune-cell activity to slow joint damage.

hydroxychloroquinie

antimatarial

sulfasalazine

reduces inflammation and help control rheumatoid arthritis

Minocycline

A tetracycline antibiotic with anti-inflammatory effects

Auranofin

Gold compound that reduces immune-related joint inflammation and tissue damage.

Penicillamine

Modifies immune activity, also treats Wilson’s disease and cystinuria

Azathioprine (immunosuppressants)

Suppresses immune cell production activity

Cyclosporine (immunosuppressants)

Suppresses T-cell immune activity to reduce autoimmune inflammation

Etanercept, Infliximab, Adalimumab, Certolizumab, Golimumab

Blocks TNF, Biologic-DMARDs

Rituximab

B-lymphocyte depleting

Abatacept

Prevents full activations of T cells.

Carbamazaepine, Lamotrigine, Phenytoin, Phenobarbital

Prevents or controls seizures

Allopurinol, carbamazepine, lamotrigine, nevirapine, oxicam NSAIDs (meloxicam, piroxicam), phenobarbital, phenytoin, sulfa antibiotics.

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Triggers

Amoxicillin

Disrupts cell wall; low resistance (3%) works best at neutral pH, so an antisecretory agent enhances it. Common effect: diarrhea

Clarithromycin

Inhibits synthesis inhibitor; resistance is rising over 20% in some areas. Effects; nausea, diarrhea, taste distortion.

Tetracycline

Protein synthesis inhibitor; resistance rare. Avoid in pregnancy and young children (Permanent tooth discoloration, first 8 years of life.)

Metronidazole/ Tinidazole

Over 40% of strains resistant to metronidazole. Nausea, headache, metallic taste. Disulfiram reaction to alchohol.

Bismuth compounds

Act typically, disrupt the cell way, may inhibit urease. Harmless black tongue and stool. Long-term use risks neurologic injury (confusion, memory problems, involuntary movements, gait abnormalities)

Sucralfate

Creates a protective barrier over the ulcer for up to 6 hours,

Misoprostol

Only approved GI use: prevention of NSAID-induced gastric ulcers. Pregnancy Category X

Magnesium hydroxide

Long lasting, diarrhea, caution in renal failure

Aluminum hydroxide

Long duration, constipation. Rarely used alone; combined with magnesium hydroxide. Interactions: tetracyclines, warfarin, digoxin

Calcium carbonate

Long lasting. Acid rebound, constipation, belching, flatulence. Combined with magnesium to offset constipation.

Sodium bicarbonate

Short duration, high sodium, alkalosis. Can worsen hypertension and heart failure; alkalosis in renal impairment.

Chlorpromazine

Potency: Low

Haloperidol

Potency: High

Fluphenazine

Potency: High

Thiothixene

Potency: High

Perphenazine

Potency: Medium

Loxapine

Potency: Medium

Trifluoperazine

Potency: High

High Potency

Generally requires a smaller dose.

Low Potency

Generally requires a larger dose.

Acute dystonia - happens right away

Sudden, painful muscle contractions or spasms. Treated with benztropine or diphenhydramine

Tardive dyskinesia - long term use

smacks their lips, sticks out their tongue, makes chewing movements when not eating. Drug to give: Valbenazine

Parkinsonism

Slow, Stiff, Shaky movements (hand tremors, muscle rigidity, drooling, and a shuffling gait)

Akathisia

Strong feeling or inner restlessness and difficulty staying still. Give beta blocker, benzodiazepine or anticholinergic