PHARMACOGNOSY (PACOP Green)

A glucosan yield glucose units on hydrolysis. While inulin is a ____

a. fructosan b. hexosan c. pentosan d. diosan e. all of these

A

The usual source of tannins from plants are from the :

a. barks/stems b. seeds c. roots d. rhizomes e. all of these

A

Ethanol and citric acid are produced by the cellular respiration of carbohydrates, especially

a. glucose b. sucrose c. fructose d. xylose e. lactose

A

Because mannitol is absorbed from the GIT and parenterally is not metabolized, then it is used as:

a. digestant b. osmotic diuretic c. acidulant d. cathartic e. laxative

B

This gum has pseudo-plastic property to enable ointments to hold their shape and spread readily.

a. Karaya b. xanthan c. locust bean d. guar e. Indian gum

B

The following are general steps in the preparation of the crude drug for commercial market, except:

a. harvesting b. garbling c. storage and drying d. none of the above

D

The usual source of fixed oils:

a. flowers b. seeds c. leaves d. stems e. roots/rhizomes

B

This is used as an antidote for alkaloidal poisoning:

a. lactic acid b. tannic acid c.tartaric acid d. picric acid e. gallic acid

B

The most important of the opium alkaloids is:

a. heroin b. codeine c. morphine d. narcotine e. papaverine

C

The red-colored product formed when tannins are treated with hydrolytic agents known as:

a. amolonin b. diosgenin c. phlobephenes d. catechin e. leucocyanidin

C

The most widely used alkaloid is:

a. heroin b. codeine c. morphine d. narcotine e. papaverine

B

Tannins have the ability to precipitate ______ which is utilized in vegetable tanning which converts animal

hides to leather:

a. fats b. carbohydrates c. alkaloids d. proteins e. glycosides

D

Among the anthraquinone glycosides, this is not employed as cathartic because it is too irritating to use:

a. aloe b. frangula c. rhubarb d. senna e. chrysarobin

E

Ethiodized oil is an iodine addition product of ethyl ester of the fatty acid of:

a. corn b. peanut c. almond d. soybean e. poppy seed

E

The alkaloid present in Rauwolfia is

a. emetine b. reserpine c. physostigmine d. morphine e. scopolamine

B

The alkaloid formed by the acetylation of morphine is:

a. heroin b. codeine c. morphine d. cocaine e. papaverine

A

One of the following does not belong to the group; the volatile oils present in Vick's vaporub:

a. methol b. camphor c. thymol d. eugenol e. cineole

D

This alkaloid is employed in ophthalmology to treat glaucoma:

a. eserine b. reserpine c. emetine d. morphine e. strychnine

A

One of the following is not a medicinal balsam:

a. storax b. benzoin c. styrax d. tolu e. methyl salicylate

E

If Indian hemp is cannabis; then black Indian hemp is:

a. convallaria b. podophyllum c. benzoin d. apocynum e. red squill

D

The alkaloid in the form of syrup is used in the treatment of drug overdose in certain poisonings

a. hydrates b. ipecac c. quinine d. ergotamine e. morphine

B

The product formed by the action of nitric acid on rectified turpentine oil in the presence of alcohol is:

a. cineole b. eugenol c. terpinol d. borneol e. linalool

C

The principal cinchona alkaloid employed therapeutically as anti-protozoal drug

a. quinine b. chloroquine c. quinacrine d. quinidine e. eserine salicylate

D

The main therapeutic use of methosalen, a lactone glycoside:

a. anti-coagulant b. aphrodisiac c. anthelmintic d. repigmentation

D

Sodium morrhuate is the sodium salt of the fatty acid of:

a. shark b. whale c. cow d. pig e. cod

E

Paregoric is also known as:

a. opium tincture c. camphorated opium tincture e. none of these

b. dover's powder d. laudanum

C

Menthol is the active constituent present in:

a. cinnamon b. coriander c. peppermint d. citronella e. spearmint

C

Lemon oil that has a _____ odor must not be used or dispensed:

a. rancid b. resinified c. calcified d. terebenthinate e. foul

D

These are lipid metabolites formed in the body of animals from unsaturated fatty acids of the diet:

a. carnauba b. bayberry c. copaiba balsam d. prostaglandin e. lanolin

D

Mercuric Iodide, Potassium Iodide and water are the composition of:

a. Mayer's Reagent c. Wagner's Reagent e. none of these

b. Dragendorff's Reagent d. all of these

A

Classified as a alcohol glysoside:

a. salicin b. gentisin c. cantharidin d. entadin

A

These are antigenic substances capable of sensitizing the body in such a way that unusual responses

occur in hypersensitive individuals:

a. antibodies b. allergens c. allergy d. all of these e. none of these

B

This test is used to determine the presence of proteins and involves the reaction of the benzene nucleus

in the protein molecules yielding a deep yellow ppt as positive result.

a. Biuret test c. Xanthoproteic test e. none of these

b. Ninhydrin testrfgv4 d. Millon's test

C

This is a solid vegetable oil

a. coconut oil b. peanut oil c. theobroma d. cod liver oil e. almond

C

The coloring matter in plants

a. flavones b. anthraquinones c. apigenin d. plant pigments e. none of these

D

It is a liquid animal fat

a. coconut oil b. peanut oil c. theobroma d. cod liver oil e. almond oil

D

Blue-black color may indicate the presence of

a. condensed tannins b. hydrolysable tannins c. saponin d all of these e. none of these

B

The pathologic product of sperm whale is

a. copaiba b. ambergris c. bayberry d. carnauba e. teaberry

B

The terpenes found in volatile oils, as well as other plant products, like steroids, carotenoids, amyrins

and rubber are collectively known as:

a. isoprenoids c. sesquiterpenes e. none of these

b. unoxygenated terpenes d. all of these

A

This refers to the evaluation by means of the organs of sense and includes macroscopic appearance of

drugs

a. microscopic b. organoleptic c. macroscopic d. all of these e. none of these

B

The process of removing sufficient moisture to ensure good keeping qualities.

a. harvesting b. drying c. collection d. garbling e. none of these

B

Source of arbutin, a phenol containing glycoside:

a. buckwheat b. checkerberry c. bear berry d. dragonfruit

B

The most widely occurring sterol

a. sitosterol b. cholesterol c. ergosterol d. all of these e. none of these

A

The principal sterol in fungi

a. cholesterol b. ergosterol c. B-sitosterol d. all of these e. none of these

B

In the enfleurage method, the fatty product impregnated with the floral odor is called:

a. absolutes b. terpenes c. concretes d. pomade

D

Limonene has the configuration:

a. three double bonds and no cycle c. one double bond and two cycles

b. two double bonds and one cycle d. three cycles

B

Ascaridol, a volatile oil constituent obtained from the chenopodium oil is a/an:

a. oxide b. furan derivative c. alcohol d. phenol

A

In general, alkaloids may be identified by:

a. specific rotation c. color reactions with specified reagents

b. solubility in various solvents d. all of the above

D

This does not possess narcotic properties and is therefore sometimes called anarcotine

a. noscapine c. papaverine HCl e. none of these

b. hydrocodone d. hydromorphone

A

It is a uterine stimulating fraction and it is relatively free from action on other smooth muscle

a. liotrix c. sodium dextrothyroxine e. none of these

b. oxytocin d. vasopressin

B

This regulates the threshold for resorption of water by the epithelium of the renal tubules

a. liotrix b. oxytocin c. sodium dextrothyroxine d. vasopressin e. none of these

D

These are resinous mixtures that contain cinnamic acid, benzoic acid or both or esters of these acids:

a. balsams b. rosin c. resins d. resenes e. none of these

A

A mixture of protein-digesting and milk clotting enzymes obtained from the juice of the pineapple plant

a. chymotrypsin b. bromelain c. lactase d. sutilains e. none of these

B

The blue color of the oil of chamomile, an inherent property of the oil when freshly distilled, is due to:

a. chamazulene b. C15H18 c. a and b d. none of the above

C

The following employs expression as a method of volatile oil extraction except:

a. sponge process b. ecuelle method c. machine process d. enfleurage

D

In percolation with volatile solvents as a method of volatile oil extraction, the volatile solvent is

removed by vacuum distillation and the resulting product is known as:

a. absolutes b. terpenes c. concretes d. pomade

C

After separating the waxes from the volatile oil, the resulting product is known as:

a. absolutes b. terpenes c. concretes d. pomade

A

A class of proteins which are characterized by solubility in water and in diluted aqueous salt solutions

a. albumins b. globulins c. glutelins d. all of these e. none of these

A

The following is/are the properties of the hydrolysable tannins except:

a. they give a dark green color with ferric chloride TS

b. gallic acid when heated result to formation or pyrogallol

c. they yield no precipitate with bromine water TS

d. pyrogallol give soluble compounds with lead acetate

A

This is the parent nucleus of the chlorophylls:

a. bilan b. porphine c. tetraporphinpyrrole d. magnesium

B

Chemical classes of sapogenin include/s the following:

a. steroid b. triterpenoid c. a and b d. none of the above

C

The following is/are true for chlorophyll A, except:

a. chlorophyll A has a methyl substituent attached to the top right-hand pyrrole ring

b. chlorophyll A occur in ferns, mosses and algae

c. the ratio of chlorophyll A to B is usually about 3 : 1 and there is no ready interconversion between them

d. none of the above

B

This is the solvent most commonly used for the extraction of chlorophyll from leaves:

a. acetone b. ethanol c. dimethylformamide d. dimethylsulfoxide

A

These are derivatives of manelonitrile:

a. cyanophophore glycosides b. glucosinolates c. a and b d. none of the above

A

The following is/are the properties of nonhydrolyzable tannins except:

a. they give a bluish to black color with ferric chloride

b. they usually contain phloroglucinol nucleus in part

c. they are usually precipitated by bromine water TS

d. they yield catechol when heated

A

To convert an alkaloid salt into a free base, the following should be added:

a. sodium carbonate b. tartaric acid solution c. pet ether d. none of the above

A

These are the common red to blue pigments of flower petals:

a. flavonoids b. anthracene c. anthocyanins d. benzoquinone

C

Which of the following glycosides yield allyl isothiocyanate as one of the products of hydrolysis:

a. amyglandin b. prunasin c. sinigrin d. sinalbin

C

These are major carotenoids in plants, except:

a. b-carotene b. lycopene c. a-carotene d. gossypol

D

Most of the glycosides are subject to hydrolysis, resulting in the cleavage of glycosidic linkages, by:

a. acid or enzyme b. alkali c. a and b d. none of the above

C

Which of the following glycosides represent the group of bound poisons?

a. glucosinolates b. cyanophore c. a and b d. none of the above

B

Which of the following glycosides yield HCN as one of the products of hydrolysis:

a. amyglandin b. sinigrin c. sinalbin d. none of the above

A

Which of the following is classified as alcohol glycosides:

a. salicin b. glucovanillin c. prunasin d. arbutin

A

Which of the following yield a phenolic compound as one of its products of hydrolysis:

a. arbutin b. salicin c. glucovanillin d. none of the above

A

The conversion of papaverine into papaveroline is a _____ type of reaction

a. dehydration b. demethylation c. hydrolysis d. oxidation

B

Which of the following is a rare type of alkaloid?

a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary

D

Each of the following volatile oils has a hydrocarbon as major constituent except:

a. turpentine oil b. lemon oil c. pepper oil d. rose oil

D

The conversion of morphine into apomorphine is a _____ type of reaction

a. dehydration b. demethylation c. hydrolysis d. oxidation

A

Each of the following volatile oils has an aldehyde as a major constituent except:

a. Ceylon cinnamon oil b. lemon oil c. camphor oil d. cassia cinnamon oil

C

These are natural or induced solid or semisolid exudations from plants or from insects feeding on

plants:

a. resins b. oleoresins c. gum resins d. balsams

A

Specific glycoside obtained from Coccus cacti:

a. carminic acid b. tannic acid c. ratanhiaphenol d. bergapten

A

Alkaloids as salts may be liberated from plant components using:

a. acidulated water b. sodium carbonate c. methanol d. ether

B

Scientific name of Neem, used as an insecticide and bitter:

a. Avena sativa b. Arnica Montana c. Illicium verum d. Azadirachta indica

D

These are esters of high molecular, monohydric alcohols and high molecular fatty acid:

a. waxes b. phospholipids c. glycolipids d. sphingomyelins

A

The plant material is treated with ammonium hydroxide in order to:

a. convert alkaloidal salts into free base c. a and b

b. convert free bases into alkaloidal salts d. none of the above

A

Theophylline is classified as:

a. xanthine b. pyridine c. indole d. isoquinolone

A

Anti-acne principle synthesized from castor oil:

a. ricinoleic acid b. prussic acid c. azeleic acid d. saffric acid

C

Flavonoid found in yellow flower pigments:

a. flavonols b. chalcones c. anthocyanins d. biflavonyls

B

Menstruum used to extract solanine from potatoes:

a. water b. acetic acid c. alcohol d. benzene

B

Glycoside found in garlic which possesses anti-platelet, anti-microbial and anti-rheumatic properties:

a. allicin b. berberine c. cantharmin d. sanguinarine

A

These are esters consisting of glycerol in combination with fatty acids, phosphoric acid and certain

nitrogenous compounds:

a. phospholipids b. waxes c. glycolipids d. sterols

A

Glycosidic principle obtained from fish berries, Cocculus indicus formerly used as an analeptic:

a. quassin b. humulin c. picrotoxin d. gentisin

B

A French pharmacist collaborated with Pelletier in the discovery of Quinine which has become a

worldwide treatment of malaria:

a. Joseph Caventou b. Pierre Robiquet c. Frederick Serturner d. Rudolf Brandes

A

Drugs classified according to the natural relationship among plants and animals:

a. zoological arrangement c. morphological classification

b. chemical classification d. taxonomic classification

D

Generally accepted medicinal use of tannins:

a. tanning of leather c. laboratory precipitant

b. astringent d. as ingredient in the preparation of ink

B

Cocaine has a long duration of local anesthetic action because it is a:

a. bronchoconstrictor b. bronchodilator c. vasodilator d. vasoconstrictor

D

Quinoline alkaloid employed for malaria:

a. Cinchonidine b. Cinchonine c. Quinidine d. Quinine

D

Most important monosaccharides found in plants:

a. trioses b. levulose c. pentoses d. hexoses

D

It reacts with iodine to form a deep blue complex:

a. insulin b. starches c. amylopectin d. amylose

D

The paste forming properties of starch are due to this constituent:

a. inulin b. starches c. amylose d. amylopectin

D