Seed plants study guide

Evolutionary order of green algae

1 (Oldest)

Evolutionary order of lycophytes

2nd

Evolutionary order of bryophytes

3rd

Evolutionary order of ferns

4th

Evolutionary order of gymnosperms

5th

Evolutionary order of angiosperms

6 (Youngest)

Alternation of generation with protected embryo emerges

b

Flowers emerge

g

Pollen emerges

g

Seeds emerge

e

Stomata emerge

c

Vascular tissue emerges

d

Shared ancestral characters: Seeds

allow for the dispersal of offspring over space and time.

Shared ancestral characters: Pollen

contain a tube cell and a generative cell.

Shared ancestral characters: Microspores

give rise to the male gametophyte found in pollen grains.

Which of the following are shared ancestral characters of both angiosperms & gymnosperms?

Pollen grains contain a tube cell and a generative cell., Seeds allow for the dispersal of offspring over space and time., Microspores give rise to the male gametophyte found in pollen grains.

Which of the following are shared derived characters of angiosperms (but not gymnosperms)?

There is a double fertilization event, leading to the formation of the diploid embryo., Reproductive structures are located in a flower., After fertilization, the ovary thickens and forms a fruit.

What is the ploidy of the following structures: gametophyte, seed, spore, sporophyte? 

1n, 2n, 1n, 2n

Angiosperm derived character: Flowers

Reproductive structures are located

Angiosperm derived character: Double fertilization

event leading to the formation of the diploid embryo.

Angiosperm derived character: Fruit

After fertilization, the ovary thickens and forms this

Division consisting of 3 genera (which include Ephedra) and have a few characteristics similar to that of an angiosperm, including wider leaves & vessel elements

Gnetophyta

Division consisting of cone-bearing evergreen trees that are photosynthetic year round

Coniferophyta

Division consisting of fruit-producing plants (e.g., coconut & orange trees, tomato & corn plants)

Anthophyta

Division consisting of one surviving species and is characterized by bi-lobed leaves

Ginkgophyta

Division consisting of palm-like trees with naked seeds and flagellated sperm

Cycadophyta

Which of the following are NOT a fruit (banana, acorn, potato, cucumber, cabbage, apple, walnut, coconut, rice)?

potato and cabbage, the rest are

Flowers that contain carpels, but NOT stamina (plural of stamen) are _______.

incomplete, imperfect, dioecious

anther

K

Carpel

A

filament

L

ovary

B

ovules (megasporangia)

C

perianth (corolla composed of petals & calyx composed of sepals)

H

pollen grains

J

sepal

F

stamen

M

stigma

E

style

D

Referring to the image above, which flowers display bilateral symmetry?

C

Referring to the image above, which flowers display radial symmetry?

B,A,D

Referring to the image above, which flowers are inflorescent?  

B, D

In gymnosperms & angiosperms, the female gametophyte consists of ____ cells.

7

Hibiscus shrubs develop from a seedling with two cotyledons, displays netted veins on its leaves, and its flowers have 5 petals. It is most likely a _______.

eudicot

A banana develops from a seedling with a single cotyledon, displays parallel veins on its leaves, and produces flowers with three petals. It is most likely a _______.

monocot

Which of the following is NOT true of seeds?

The embryonic plant is able to photosynthesize

Which of the following is NOT true of pollen?

Able to remain viable up to tens to thousands of years

Shared traits of seeds and pollen

Both are able to withstand desiccation and be dispersed via water, air, or animals.