bio exam 1: atoms and subatomic particles
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20 Terms
What is an atom?
The smallest unit of an element that keeps its chemical identity
What are the three subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
Where are protons found?
In the nucleus
What charge does a proton have?
Positive (+)
Where are neutrons found?
In the nucleus
What charge does a neutron have?
Neutral (0)
Where are electrons found?
In electron shells around the nucleus.
What charge does an electron have?
Negative (-)
What is the relative mass of a proton?
About 1 amu
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
About 1 amu
What is the relative mass of an electron?
Almost 0 amu
What determines which element an atom is?
The number of protons
Can the number of protons change without changing the element?
No, changing protons changes the element
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons
What is the mass number?
Protons + neutrons
How do you calculate the number of neutrons?
Mass number minus atomic number
What is an isotope?
Atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons
What makes an atom electrically neutral?
Equal numbers of protons and electrons
What is an ion?
An atom or group of atoms with an electrical charge