MP II

Timbre

A fundamental property of music that involves the quality and color of sound.

Ethnocentrism

The act of imposing one's own cultural perceptions upon another culture.

Maqam Modal Theory

A system in Arabic music that groups pitches into tetrachords, with each pitch having specific performance practices.

Chamber music

Music designed to be played in the background of a 'chamber,' often in cafes.

Interlocking

Partial musical phrases that together comprise a musical whole, often seen in various musical traditions.

Vocal Improv

Improvised singing, as seen in practices such as Qur’anic recitation and Jewish Cantorial Recitation.

Polyrhythms

The simultaneous use of two or more conflicting rhythms in music.

Agbekor

A type of war music performed by the Ewe people of Ghana, characterized by polyrhythmic structures.

Afrobeat

A music genre, originally from Nigeria, that combines traditional West African polyrhythms with western instrumentation

Heterophony

A musical texture where a single melodic line is altered by different performers at the same time.

Bakan’s 5 properties of Music

• Timbre is a fundamental property

• Music is organized sound

• Sounds are organized by people

• Music must have an intention and perception

• “Music” is a western culture

What are two key characteristics of Arabic music

24 tone scale, maqam modal theory

Cottontail

Wordless vocal improv, aka skat singing

Ghanian Drumming

multiple INTERLOCKING polyrythmic drums that each serve a purpose in the music

JulaJula

Interlocking Pan pipe music from the andes

Bebop

Popularized by bird and Dizzy, transitioning from slow quiet background jazz to intense wild solos ment to be the center of attention.

Baqara - Hafiz Kani Karaca

Qur’anic recitation: fixed text with improvised melody.

Uses mama modal theory

Ato Nosin Yoo Lapashim - Abraham Brun

Jewish Cantonal Recitation

The cantor sings text from the Bible using modes related to the jewish calender.

Tetrachord

2 four-pitched sets of notes that make a maqam

Both tetrachords share a common pivot pitch.