chem rotation test 1 normal values and testing

value of a FBS above what is indicative of diabetes

126 mg/dl

value of random glucose above what is indicative of diabetes

200 mg/dl (plus symptoms)

oral glucose tolerance test (2h) above what is indicative of diabetes

200 mg/dl

an Hgb A1C above what value is indicative of diabetes

above 6%

for a normal OGTT how much glucose load is given

75g

normal fasting glucose is

70-99 mg/dl

a normal OGTT (2h) is

140 mg/dl or less

when doing a gestational OGTT how much is the glucose load

first screen: 50g second screen (if needed): 100g

if your first OGTT screen is below what value then you are not considered a gestational diabetic

140 mg/dl

these values for fasting, 1hr, 2hr, and 3hr (respectively) are indicative of gestational diabetes and how many criteria have to be met to diagnose

fasting: above 95 mg/dl, 1hr: above 180 mg/dl, 2hr: above 155mg/dl, 3hr: above 140 mg/dl (2/4 criteria have to be met)

which tube is used for testing FBS

gold, green, or grey (serum needs to be spun right away)

how long should someone fast for before doing a FBS

10-12 hrs

what is the normal A1c value

4-6%

what tube should an A1C be run in

purple (whole blood EDTA)

what do K check tablets detect

acetone or acetoacetic acid

what is the principle of acetone testing

the breaking down of nitroprusside (nitroprusside rxn)

what does acetone testing measure and help diagnose

measures carbohydrate metabolism (semi quantitative) and helps diagnose DKA

what specimens can be used for acetone testing

serum or urine

what level of troponin in indicative of MI

above 100 ng/ml

what are the normal values of BTNP

0-99 pg/ml

value above what is indicative of CHF

BTNP above 100 pg/ml

what type of tesing and specimen is used for measuring BTNP

whole blood EDTA tested with a triage meter

what is the gold standard for testing for procalcitonin

blood culture (but have to wait 24hr for bac. to grow)

what tube is for procalcitonin testing

green or gold

what value indicates you have sepsis (procalcitonin or lactic acid)

above 2 ng/ml

what type of tube is ammonia tested in

EDTA or green placed on ice immediately

what specimen can be used for BUN testing

plasma, serum (preferred), and 24hr urine

what is a normal BUN

8-24 mg/dl

what tube cannot be used for BUN and why

sodium fluoride (blue) blocks urease enzyme

what types of specimen can be used for creatinine

plasma, serum, 24hr urine

what is normal creatinine levels

0.6-1.3 mg/dl

what is the normal ratio of urea to creatinine

10:1-20:1

what is the formula for osmolality

2na+ glu/20+ bun/3

what is normal osmol gap value

less than 10

if osmol gap is more than what it shows…

more than 10 shows other osmotically active substances

what is normal osmo range

275-295 mOsm/kg

what specimine is preffered to measure osmo

serum

what is the number one-way osmolality is measured

freezing point depression

what specimen is used to test biliruben

plasma or serum

what can falsely increase biliruben

hemolysis, lipemia

what is the normal sodium value

135-145 mmol/l

how much sodium will we see from loss renally

greater than 20 mmol/l

how much sodium will we see from loss extra renally

less than 20 mmol/l

any sodium level less than what and above what causes neurological symptoms and this level would cause what

less than 125 mmol/L and above 160 mmol/l ; 125-130= GI symptoms

what specimen is used for sodium testing

serum plasma and urine

what tube can be used and what tube cant be used to test sodium in

heparin (green), sodium heparin cant be used

what causes false increases in sodium values

lipemia

what is the normal range for potassium

3.5-5.1 mmol/l

what specimen is preffered for testing potassium

plasma

what are normal levels of chloride

98-107 mmol/l

what type of specimen is used for clhloride

serum or plasma (heprin)

what type of calcium is typically measured

total calcium

what kind of specimen is typically used for calcium testing

serum or plasma

what type of tube is drawn for calcium

gold or green

what will affect results for calcium

hemolysis

what is the normal range for calcium

8.5-10.5 mg/dL

what affects magnesium levels

hemolysis

what tube cannot be used for magnesium levels

edta or anticoag

what specimen is best for phosphate levels

serum or plasma

what should always be done with lactic acid specimens

put on ice (prevent glycolysis)

what is normal ranges for lactic acid

less than 2 mmol/L

what is the normal range for anion gap

8-14 mmol/L

if CK-MB is above what value then it is indicative of myocardial damage or MI

at or above 6% of total CK

what can falsely decrease amylase activity

lipemia (triglycerides)

what can inhibit lipase activity

hemoglobin

what can falsely decrease lipase activity

hemolysis

what must you do with a specimen when testing for acid phosphatase

draw and immediately put on ice