Chapter 10: Sexual Dysfunctions, Paraphilic Disorders, & Gender Dysphoria

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Covert sensitization: Cognitive-behavioral intervention to reduce unwanted behaviors by having clients imagine the extremely aversive consequences of the behaviors and establish negative rather than positive associations with them.

Delayed ejaculation: Disorder in which a man achieves orgasm only with great difficulty.

Erectile disorder: Recurring inability in some men to attain or maintain adequate penile erection until completion of sexual activity.

Exhibitionistic disorder: Sexual gratification attained by exposing genitals to unsuspecting strangers.

Female orgasmic disorder: Recurring delay or absence of orgasm in some women following a normal sexual excitement phase, relative to their prior experience and current stimulation. Also known as inhibited orgasm (female)

Female sexual interest/arousal disorder: Recurrent inability in some women to attain or maintain adequate lubrication and sexual excitement swelling responses until completion of sexual activity.

Fetishistic disorder: Long-term, recurring, intense sexually arousing urges, fantasies, or behavior that involve the use of nonliving, unusual objects and that cause distress or impairment in life functioning.

Frotteuristic disorder: A paraphilic disorder in which the person gains sexual gratification by rubbing against unwilling victims in crowds from which they cannot escape.

Gender-affirming surgery: Nonreversible altering of anatomy physically to be consistent with gender identity.

Gender dysphoria: Clinically significant distress caused when a person's sex assigned at birth is not the same as the gender with which they identify.

Gender nonconformity: A broad term referring to people who do not behave in a way that conforms to the traditional expectations of their gender, or whose gender expression does not fit neatly into a category. While many also identify as transgender, not all gender non-conforming people do.

Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder: Sexual dysfunction in which a woman experiences pain or difficulty with penetration during intercourse; may include vaginismus.

Heterosexual behavior: Sexual activity with members of the opposite gender

Incest: Deviant sexual attraction (pedophilia) directed toward a family member; often the attraction of a father toward a daughter who is maturing physically.

Male erectile disorder: See erectile disorder.

Male hypoactive sexual desire disorder: Dysfunction in which a man feels distress from having little or no sexual interest.

Nonbinary: Referring to a spectrum of gender identities that are neither female nor male.

Orgasmic reconditioning: Learning procedure to help clients strengthen appropriate patterns of sexual arousal by pairing appropriate stimuli with the pleasurable sensations of masturbation.

Paraphilic disorders: Sexual disorders and deviations in which sexual arousal occurs almost exclusively in the context of inappropriate objects or individuals.

Pedophilia: Paraphilia involving strong sexual attraction toward children.

Premature ejaculation: Recurring ejaculation before the person wishes it, with minimal sexual stimulation.

Same-sex sexual behavior: Sexual activity with members of the same gender.

Sexual dysfunction: Sexual disorder in which the client finds it difficult to function adequately while having sex.

Sexual masochism: A paraphilia in which sexual arousal is associated with experiencing pain or humiliation.

Sexual sadism: A paraphilia in which sexual arousal is associated with inflicting pain or humiliation.

Transvestic disorder: A paraphilia in which individuals, usually males, are sexually aroused or receive gratification by wearing clothing of the opposite sex.

Vaginismus: Recurring involuntary muscle spasms in the outer third of the vagina that interfere with sexual intercourse.

Vascular neurocognitive disorder: Progressive brain disorder involving loss of cognitive functioning, caused by blockage of blood flow to the brain, that appears concurrently with other neurological signs and symptoms.

Voyeuristic disorder: A paraphilic disorder in which sexual arousal is derived from observing unsuspecting individuals undressing or naked.

Vulvodynia: Chronic pain in the area on the outside of a woman’s genitals (the vulva).