LBSC (Exam 2) - Other Hypochromic Anemias

What is the most common anemia found in hospitalized patients?

Anemia of Chronic Inflammation (ACI)

Rheumtoid Arthritis and Thyroid Disorders are examples of what hypochromic anemia?

Anemia of Chronic Inflammation (ACI)

What happens through increased inflammatory cytokines / acute phase reactants in possible causes of ACI?

Iron Restriction

Impaired EPO production and / or response through that suppression is a possible cause of ACI?

Cytokine

Shortened RBC survival through cytokine membrane damage and induced what is a possible cause of ACI?

Erythrophagocytosis

Which hypochromic anemia has borderline low RBC, Hgb, and Hct?

ACI

Which hypochromic anemia has normocytic to microcytic RBC morphology or at most a slightly low MCV?

ACI

Which hypochromic anemia has a RBC morphology is normochromicto hypochromic?

ACI

Which hypochromic anemia involves the correction of the primary disease state?

ACI

In ACI Treatment should you take or avoid iron supplements as primary treatment?

Avoid

What ACI treatment stimulates iron uptake and heme synthesis?

Erythropoietic agents

Which ACI treatment is not often used other than in severe cases?

Transfusion

Which hypochromic anemia is the non-heme iron accumulation in precursors?

Sideroblastic Anemia (SA)

Which hypochromic anemia can be caused by X-Linked or autosomal recessive?

Sideroblastic Anemia (SA)

Which hypochromic anemia has dimorphic population of microcytes and normocytes with basophillic stippling and pappernheimer bodies?

Sideroblastic Anemia (SA)

Which hypochromic anemia has increase serum ferritin and iron and transferrin saturation?

Sideroblastic Anemia (SA)

Which hypochromic anemia has increase serum ferritin and decreased serum iron and transferrin saturation?

Anemia of Chronic Inflammation (ACI)

Which hypochromic anemia have ringed sideroblasts, erythroid hyperplasia, and increased iron stores in bone marrow?

Sideroblastic Anemia (SA)

What is administered in all forms of sideroblastic anemia (SA) for treatment?

Pyridoxine (Vitamin B6)

In hereditary Sideroblastic Anemia (SA), what is used to reduce iron in blood stream?

Chelation

What is the medication to reduce iron in blood stream by binding to iron?

Chelation

Which type of sideroblastic anemia (SA) is treated by allogenic stem cell transplant?

Autosomal Recessive Severe Cases

In which type of sideroblastic anemia (SA) do you treat initial condition; discontinue offending medication; and chelation?

Acquired Sideroblastic Anemia

Which hypochromic anemia needs caution when considering transfusion because patient could develop iron overload?

Sideroblastic Anemia (SA)

What is the accumulation of excess iron in reticuloendothelial cells in varying tissues?

Iron Overload

What is tissue damage resulting from excess iron?

Hemochromatosis

What is caused by excess iron stores in the liver, heart, pancreas, and other organs?

Hemochromatosis

Does hereditary or acquired hemochromatosis lead to inappropriate increase in intestinal iron absorption?

Hereditary Hemochromatosis

Does hereditary or acquired hemochromatosis lead to increased iron without proper excretion mechanism?

Acquired Hemochromatosis

Which hypochromic anemia has increased everything except serum TIBC?

Hemochromatosis

The goal of which hypochromic anemia is to remove excess iron?

Hemochromatosis

Is hereditary or acquired hemochromatosis treated with therapeutic phlebotomy 2x weekly then frequency decreases?

Hereditary hemochromatosis

Is hereditary or acquired hemochromatosis treated with desferrioxamine that is an chelating agent that reduces iron stores to treat transfusion related iron overload?

Acquired Hemochromatosis

What are disorders affecting one of the enzymes of heme synthesis that results in an increase of urinary excretion of the precursor molecules?

Porphyria

Which hypochromic anemia has symptoms of photosensitivity, motor dysfunction, sensory loss, mental disturbances, and abdominal pain/vomiting?

Porphyria Symptoms

Which hypochromic anemia is treated with hemin injections, avoiding sunlight exposure with vitamin D supplement, and medications to absorb excess precursors?

Porphyria

The loss of ALA Dehydrogenase causes what porphyria?

ALA Dehydratase Deficiency Porphyria

The loss of PB Deaminase causes what porphyria

Acute Intermittent Porphyria

The loss of Uroporphyrinogen II Synthetase causes what porphyria?

Congenital Erythropoietic Porphria

The loss of Uroporphyrinogen III Decarboxylase causes what porphyria?

Porphyria Cutanea Tarda

The loss of Coproporphyrinogen III Oxidase causes what porphyria?

Hereditary Coproporphyria

The loss of Protoporphyria III Oxidase causes what porphyria?

Variegate Porphyria

The loss of Ferrochelatase causes what porphyria?

Erythropoietic Protoporphyria