Lab Proc & Tech Test #1

Chap 10 (Sanitation, sterilization & disinfection) & Hematopoiesis

microbial resistance (least to most)

Lipophilic

enveloped virsus

small non lipid; non enveloped

fugal spores

acid fast/ mycobacteria

coccidia

prions

sterilization

complete elimination of all forms of microbial life

phenols

Lysol; denatures proteins

advantages: non corrosive, low toxicity

disadvantages: absorbed by rubber and plastics, bacterial resistant spores

alcohols

isopropyl

advantages: fast, noncorrosive, effective on MRSA

disadvantages: flammable, doesn’t penetrate organic materials, hardens plastic, painful in wounds and irritable on tissue

halogens

betadine

advantages: stable in storage, safe, less reactive, fast acting

disadvantages: frequent application, toxic, metals and organic matter can decrease efficacy

halogens; hypochlorites

bleach

advantages: short contact time, fast acting

disadvantages: inactivated by sunlight and organic materials, frequent application, corrodes metal, do not mix with acid or ammonia

biguanide

hivitane

advantages: low toxicity, immediate, residual effect

disadvantages: limited pH of 5-7, easily activated, inactive when mixed with saline

asepsis

no living organisms present

disinfection

destruction/removal of pathogens from non-living objects

destroys most pathogens & some viruses but not usually spores

peroxide compounds

oxivir

advantages: organic & inorganic, non corrosive, no toxic, fast acting at high concentrations

disadvantages: best not to spray, discolours, monitors solution concentration, corrosive overtime

EO; ethylene oxide

disrupts DNA of microorganisms by changing chemical structure to prevent reproduction

OPA

improved stability at varying pH ranges, superior mycobacterial activity

Formaldehyde

carcinogenic; not used regularly anymore

Glutaraldehyde

Vegetative bactericidal, sporicidal, fungicidal and virucidal

low temperature sterilization

sporistatic

inhibits spore germination

bactericidal

kills bacteria

bacteriostatic

inhibits growth of bacteria

Cleaning

removal of organic and inorganic soils

sanitization

reduction of microbial populations to levels that are considered safe

antiseptic

applied to surface of living organisms or tissues

prevent / stop growth of microorganisms

hematopoiesis

production of blood cells and platelets

plasma contains

protein, glucose, electrolytes, hormones, fats, water, antibodies

Red blood cells

erythrocytes

platelets

thrombocytes

white blood cells

lymphocytes; neutrophils, banded neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils

erythropoiesis

production of red blood cells

leukopoiesis

production of white blood cells

thrombopoiesis

production of platelets

erythropoietin

produced in the kidney

• causes bone marrow to increase production of cells

what organ makes erythropoietin

kidney

Where does hematopoiesis occur in young

red bone marrow

liver

spleen

thymus

where does hematopoiesis occur in adults

normally in red blood marrow

in distress; yellow bone marrow, spleen, liver

order of erythropoiesis maturation

stem cell, rubroblast, prorubrocyte, rubrocyte, metarubrocyte, reticulocyte, erythrocyte

Which two cells are found in circulation (erythrocytes)

reticulocyte and erythrocyte

thrombopoiesis

megakaryocyte; cytoplasm fragments turn into platelets

granulopoiesis maturation

myeloblast, promylocyte, myelocyte, metamyleocyte, band form, granulocyte

What are the three granulocytes

eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils

Normochromic

normal color

normocytic

normal size

Ref range of K9 hemoglobin

12-18 g/dl

Ref range of Feline hemoglobin

8-15 g/dl

What do red cells require to make hemoglobin

Iron

B6

B12

Folate

Amino Acid

Trace Metals

what does PCV stand for

Packed Cell Volume

What is the K9 ref range of PCV

37-55%

what is the feline ref range of PCV

30-45%