canine feline characteristics

Canine Distemper (Hardpad Disease)

spread aerosol, direct or indirect contact (secretions)

Infectious Canine Hepatitis (ICH)

oronasal route but shed in urine/feces, fomites

Canine Parvo Virus

fecal-oral and fomites

Canine Leptospirosis

• contamination of soil, water, food, and bedding with infected urine;

• enters though direct contact (mucus membranes, bite wounds, placental membranes, skin)

• water reservoirs

Canine parainfluenza virus (CPiV)

• highly contagious and transmitted through aerosolized respiratory secretions

• Contact via nasal secretions of infected dogs

Infectious Canine Tracheobronchitis (Kennel Cough” “Canine Croup”)

• Bordetella bronchiseptica

• acute or chronic inflammation of the trachea and airways;

• extremely contagious

Feline Viral Rhinotracheitis (FVR)

• aerosolization,

• direct contact

Calicivirus

• direct contact,

• fomites,

• shed in feces,

• ocular, nasal, oral secretions

Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP)

• corona virus is contagious through feces, urine, fomites, oral and

• respiratory secretions

Feline Panleukopenia (feline distemper)

• Vertical transmission: kittens affected (CNS)

• Direct contact and fomites

• Virus shed in all body secretions up to 6 wks

• Contaminated environment (can remain stable in the environment for years)

Feline Leukemia (FELV)

• vertical (mother to child) and horizontal (no familiar relation),

• close contact required,

• virus shed in saliva, urine, tears, and milk (fighting, grooming, contaminated food/water bowls, food, water, litter box)

Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)

• saliva

• horizontal transmission (no familiar relation),

• fighting/bite wounds, increased risk in outdoor, intact males

Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA)

• blood-feeding insects transfer blood between horse;

• iatrogenic (hospital aquired) high epizootic potential

Equine Viral Rhinopneumonitis (Equine Herpes Virus)

• direct or indirect contact with infectious nasal secretions, aborted fetus, placenta, ot placental fluids

Equine Influenza (Shipping Fever)

• inhalation of respiratory secretions

Equine Viral Encephalomyelitis (Sleeping Sickess)

• mosquitos or other "blood sucking" insects and infect a variety of vertebrate hosts

Strangles (Equine Distemper)

• fomites and direct contact with infectious exudates

Clostridial Infection

• introduced into tissues through wounds, particularly deep puncture wounds

• Sometimes, the point of entry cannot be found because the wound itself may be minor or healed.

Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD)

• Transplacental

• Contact with infected animals

• Biting insects, fomites, semen, biologic products, and possibly wild ruminants

Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus (BRSV)

• Aerosol droplets from the nose and throat

Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis (IBR, RED NOSE)

• infected animal sheds the virus through secretions of the eyes, nose and reproductive organs

Scours

• salmonella - shed in feces, urine, saliva, and nasal secretions; anything animal touches or touches them

• only direct sunlight kills

• CAN survive in the environment for months

Footrot

• Normally resistant to the bacteria in the environment, BUT a break in the skin allows this bacteria to enter and infect

Rabies

• contamination of a wound or mucosa with infected saliva

Toxoplasmosis

• fecal-oral

• transplacental,

• improperly prepared foods

West Nile Virus

• Mosquitoes

Dermatophytosis

•Direct Contact

•Hair

•Lesions

•Fomites (leashes, brushes, equipment)

•Contaminated soil

Toxocara (canis & cati)

•Fecal-oral

•Cutaneous penetration by larvae

- visceral larva migrans:

- ocular larva migrans:

Ancylostoma

• fecal-oral,

• cutaneous penetration by larvae

Dipylidium

• occurs when people eat raw, contaminated pork, beef, or freshwater

• - most humans have no symptoms except abdominal discomfort, diarrhea, and loss of appetite

• - can get from swallowing a flea

Trichuriasis

• fecal-oral transmission or contaminated food products

- practice good hygiene

Borreliosis

• primarily bite from an infected tick,

• transplacental,

• urine-oral

Brucellosis

•Ingestion of contaminated materials (licking contaminated urine or urogenital secretions, or chewing up fetal membranes)

•Venereal routes

•Inhalation (sniffing contaminated urine or fetal membranes)

•Eyes

•When a female dog aborts a pregnancy because of a Brucella infection, she continues to secrete fluids packed with Brucella bacteria for 4 to 6 weeks