Moral Development

Preconventional Reasoning

Children's reasoning focused on self-interest and obedience to avoid punishment or gain rewards, typically seen in ages 3-7.

Conventional Reasoning

Decision-making based on gaining approval from others and following societal rules and laws, common in ages 8-13.

Postconventional Reasoning

Decision-making guided by personal ethical principles and abstract reasoning, typically requiring formal operations and seen in individuals aged 13 and older.

Moral Reasoning

The process of determining right from wrong and justifying decisions based on ethical principles.

Lawrence Kohlberg's Theory

A theory of moral development based on stages of reasoning and decision-making in moral dilemmas.

Dilemma

A situation requiring a decision to be made, often used in studying moral development.

Moral Development

The progression of one's understanding and application of moral principles and justice.

Conception of Justice

The evolving understanding of fairness and ethical principles, ranging from less developed to more developed perspectives.

Conventions

Established standards, rules, or practices that guide moral reasoning and behavior.

Moral Reasoning ≠ Moral Behavior

The distinction between the thought process of making moral decisions and the actual actions taken in real-life situations.