AP Lang Unit 1

Exigence

refers to the aspects of the rhetorical situation that make it urgent

Ethos

Credibility of Author

Logos

Reason

Pathos

Emotion

Rebut

Contrasting perspective on an argument

Periodic Sentence

A sentence that places the main idea at the end

Cumulative Sentence

A sentence that places the main idea at the beginning

Parenthetical

A clause or phrase interrupting a sentence to provide information that is typically not essential to understanding the writer’s main point but still helps writers achieve their purpose or speak to the audience’s needs

Parallel Structure

Repeating the same word, phrase, or clause

Antithesis

Grammar structure that presents contrary ideas

Reverence

Deep feeling of respect or admiration

Irony

Incongruity between expectation and reality

Verbal irony

Difference between what the writer says and what they mean

Situational Irony

Difference between what seems fitting for the situation and what actual happens

Dramatic irony

Difference between what the writer or character says or thinks and what the reader knows

Hyperbole

Overstatement or exaggeration