Ap world Chpt 3 quiz

Silk Roads

Land based trade routs that linked many regions of Eurasia

Dunhuang

A major commercial city on the Silk Road trading network and a center of Buddhist learning and art. Located in western China.

Temujin/Chinggis Khan

Birth name of the Mongol ruler better known as Chinggis Khan, or “universal ruler,” a name he acquired after unifying the Mongols.

Mongol World War

Half a century of military campaigns, massive killing, and empire building pursued by Chinggis Khan and his successors in Eurasia after 1209.

Khubilai Khan

The grandson of Chinggis Khan who ruled China from 1271 to 1294.

Ming Dynasty

The Chinese dynasty that succeeded the Yuan dynasty of the Mongols. Noted for its return to traditional Chinese ways and the restoration of the land after the destructiveness of the Mongols.

Black Death

A massive pandemic that swept through Eurasia in the early fourteenth century. Spread along the trade routes within and beyond the Mongol empire and reaching the Middle East and Western Empire by 1347.

Sea Roads

The world’s largest sea-based system of communication and exchange before 1500 C.E. Centered in India.

Chinese Junks

A new kind of ship allowing for better traveling

Arab dhows

A traditional sailing vessel with one or more masts and triangular lateen sails

Great Zimbabwe

A powerful state in the southern African interior that apparently emerged from the growing trade in gold to the East African coast. Flourished between 1250 and 1350.

Melaka

A muslim port city that came to prominence on the waterway between Sumatra and Malaya. Springboard for the spread of a syncretic form of Islam throughout the region.

Zheng He

Great Chinese admiral who commanded a huge fleet of ships in a series of voyages in the Indian Ocean that began in 1405.

Sand Roads

A term used to describe the routes of the trans-Saharan trade, which linked interior West Africa to the Mediterranean and North African world.

Arabian Camel

Introduced to North Africa and the Sahara in the early centuries of the Common Era, this animal made trans-Saharan commerce possible by 300 to 400 CE.

Mansa Musa

The ruler of Mali who undertook the hajj accompanied by a huge entourage and enormous quantities of gold.

Strait of Melaka

Gave the city of Melaka a strategic location as it was a central role in the trade of the entire Indian Ocean Basin

Ibn Batttuta

North African visitor, Arab/Muslim. Astounded by West African “Islamic” society.

The Great Mosque of Jenne

This mosque in the city of Jenne illustrates the assimilation of Islam into West African civilization.

House of Wisdom

An academic center for research and translation of foreign texts that was established in Baghdad in 830 CE by the Abbasid caliph

Mutazalites

A school of Islamic thinkers argued that reason, rather than revelation, was the best way to the truth

Crusades

The “holy wars” waged by Western Christendom, especially against the forces of Islam in the eastern Mediterreanean from 1095 to 1291 and on the Iberian Peninsula into the fifteenth century.

Sharia

Understandings of Islamic Law

Madrassas

Colleges of the Islamic educational system

Uleama

Islamic learned scholars, theologians, and legal jurists.

Tariquac

Religious order/brotherhood of Sufism. Offered a variety of mystical teachings and practices to spiritual seekers.

Christendom

Worldwide community of Christians, the Christian faith, or geographic regions where Christianity is the dominant religion.

Indianization

Extensive Indian influence in Southeast Asia. The Southeast Asian cultures voluntarily borrowed these Indian traditions and practices.

American Web

A term used to describe the network of trade that linked parts of the pre-Columbian Americans. Less densely woven than the Afro-Eurasian trade networks.

Chaco Phenomenon

Name given to a major process of settlement and societal organization that occurred in the period 860-1130 CE.

Pochteca

Professional merchants among the Aztecs who undertook large scale trading expeditions in the fifteenth century

Timur

Turco-Mongol conquerer, the first ruler of the Timurid dynasty.

Yongle

Chinese emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Commissioned an enormous fleet of ships for expeditions.

Marco Polo

The most famous of many European merchants who traveled along the Silk Roads to Mongol-controlled China

al-Khwarazim

Islamic mathematician who spread the use of Arabic numerals

al-Razi

Discovered sulfuric acid, wrote a vast encyclopedia of medicine

Ibn Sina

Writer in all fields of science and philosophy. Wrote the Canon of Medicine.

Ibn Rushd (Averroes)

Translated and commented on Aristotle. Philosopher.