GLP-1 / GIP Agonists

Semaglutide

GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

Indication: Type 2 diabetes, weight management.

MOA: ↑ Insulin, ↓ glucagon, slows gastric emptying, ↑ fullness.

Administration: PO, SQ.

Adverse Effects:

• N/V/D, constipation, abdominal pain

• Pancreatitis

• Gastroparesis, bowel obstruction

• Gallbladder problems

• Thyroid cancer risk, acute kidney injury

Contraindications:

• History of medullary thyroid carcinoma

• Pregnancy (listed in slides)

Drug Interactions:

• Insulin/sulfonylureas: ↑ hypoglycemia

• Delayed gastric emptying may affect medication absorption

Nursing Considerations:

• Monitor renal function

• Monitor GI reactions

• Watch for neck mass, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing

Teaching: Not separately specified in slides.

Developmental Considerations:

- Children: Selected use approved age 12+

Tirzepatide

Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonist

Indication: Type 2 diabetes, weight management.

MOA: ↑ Insulin, ↓ glucagon, slows gastric emptying through GIP/GLP-1 pathways.

Administration: PO and SQ (as listed on slide).

Adverse Effects:

• N/V/D, constipation, indigestion

• Abdominal pain, pancreatitis

• Gastroparesis

• Gallbladder problems

• Angioedema

Contraindications:

• Personal/family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or MEN2

• Hypersensitivity to tirzepatide

Drug Interactions: Not specified in slides.

Nursing Considerations:

• Monitor/report signs of pancreatitis

• Watch for neck mass, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing

Teaching:

• Report signs of pancreatitis

• Report neck mass, hoarseness, difficulty swallowing

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