Chapter 22: East Asia Under Challenge

Ba Jin

________, the author of numerous novels and short stories, was one of Chinas foremost writers at the turn of the century.

Guang Xu

In June 1898, the young emperor ________ launched a massive reform program based on changes in Japan.

Opium War

The ________ marked the beginning of the establishment of Western influence in China.

Japan

In 1874, ________ claimed control of the Ryukyu Islands, which had long been subject to the Chinese Empire.

American fleet

In the summer of 1853, a(n) ________ of four warships under Commodore Matthew Perry arrived in Edo Bay (now Tokyo Bay)

Revolutionary Alliance

The ________ was supported mainly by an emerging urban middle class, and its program was based largely on Western liberal democratic principles.

Tai Ping Rebellion

The ________ proved to be one of the most devastating civil wars in history.

Yuan

________ was a prominent figure in military circles, and he had been placed in charge of the imperial army sent to suppress the rebellion.

Meiji Restoration

The ________ had a marked effect on the traditional social system in Japan.

John Hay

In 1899, U.S. secretary of state ________ presented a proposal that ensured equal access to the Chinese market for all nations and preserved the unity of the Chinese Empire.

Meiji reformers

The ________ set out to create a modern political system based on the Western model.

Western literature

________ and art became popular in China, especially among the urban middle class.

Society of Harmonious Fists

Boxer was the popular name given to members of a secret organization called the ________.