Magnetism & Electrostatics

Radiography in the Digital Age: Chp 6

radiolucent

Allowing x-rays to easily pass through.

radiopaque

Absorbent to an x-ray beam, such that few x-rays pass through.

Gauss (unit)

(G) Unit of magnetic field intensity for weak magnetic fields such as that of the earth or typical bar magnets.

Gauss' Law

the strength or intensity of a magnetic field is proportional to the product of the pole strengths, and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Coulomb (unit)

(C) SI unit of electric charge.

Coulomb's Law

the magnitude of the attractive or repulsive electrostatic force between two charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of their charges and inversely proportional to the squared distance between them.

ferromagnetic

Having very strong magnetic properties and high permeability, such that the material is easy to magnetize.

diamagnetic

Resistant to being magnetized.

paramagnetic

Having mild magnetic properties and that tend to align together.

permanent magnet

Magnet whose magnetism is induced artificially.

electromagnet

Coil or wire wrapped around an iron core that intensifies the magnetic field.

magnetic permeability

Ease with which an object may be magnetized by a surrounding field.

magnetic retentivity

Ability of an object to keep its magnetized state over time.

electrostatics

Pertaining to electrical charges at rest.

potential difference/electromotive force

Difference between two states of electrical charge (measured in volts)/EMF is electrical pressure caused by a potential difference, which causes electrons to move (measured in volts)

five laws of electrostatics

1. like charges repel, opposites attract; 2. only negative charges move; 3. electrical charges exist only on the surface; 4. electrical charges concentrate on the area of greatest curvature; 5. Coulomb's law