medical terminologies 1

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79 Terms

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Medical terminologies

المصطلحات الطبية

consist of component parts (prefix- root- suffix and combining form vowel) that are combined to create medical terms.

من أجزاء مكونة (البادئة - الجذر - اللاحقة وحرف العلة الرابط) يتم دمجها لإنشاء المصطلحات الطب.

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<p>Hyper</p>

Hyper

Prefix Over / in Excess

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<p>thyroid</p>

thyroid

Root Thyroid Gland

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<p>ism</p>

ism

Suffix Condition

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<p>Hyperthyroidism</p>

Hyperthyroidism

Condition in which the thyroid gland is overactive

حالة فرط نشاط الغدة الدرقية

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Prefix

is the word part that comes before the word root. ( at the beginning of the word). add to the meaning of the root word.

الجزء من الكلمة الذي يسبق جذر الكلمة (في بداية الكلمة). يُضيف إلى معنى جذر الكلمة.

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Prefix

Number

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Prefix

size

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Prefix

location

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Prefix

amount

<p>amount</p>
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Prefix “Sub”

below

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<p>Subgastric</p>

Subgastric

Below the Stomach

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Prefix “Post”

after

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<p>Postoperative</p>

Postoperative

After surgery

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Word root

is the foundation, core, primary, or major part of all medical terms mainly relating to a part of the body.

يُعدّ هذا الجزء الأساس أو الجوهر أو الرئيسي أو الأساسي لجميع المصطلحات الطبية التي تتعلق أساسًا بجزء من الجسم.

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<p>Root “Gastr”</p>

Root “Gastr”

Stomach

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<p>Epigastric</p>

Epigastric

Root

derived from Greek: "epi" meaning upon/over, and "gaster" meaning stomach

شَرْسُوفِيّ" أو "فوق مَعِدِيّ" هو صفة تشريحية تُشير إلى المنطقة الواقعة في أعلى منتصف البطن، وتحديداً فوق المعدة ومباشرة تحت القفص الصدري وعظمة القص، ويحدها من الأسفل منطقة السرة.

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<p>Gastrointestinal</p>

Gastrointestinal

Root

The digestive system

الجهاز الهضمي

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<p>Gastritis</p>

Gastritis

Root

Inflammation, irritation, or erosion of the stomach lining

التهاب أو تهيج أو تآكل بطانة المعدة

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<p>Gastric ulcer</p>

Gastric ulcer

Root

is an open sore that forms on the inner lining of the stomach when digestive juices

هو قرحة مفتوحة تتشكل على البطانة الداخلية للمعدة عندما تتسرب العصارات الهضمية

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<p>Gastrotomy</p>

Gastrotomy

Root

is a surgical incision made directly into the wall of the stomach

هو شق جراحي يتم إجراؤه مباشرة في جدار المعدة

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Suffix

is the word part that comes after the word root (at the end of the word).add to the meaning of the root word.

هو الجزء من الكلمة الذي يأتي بعد جذر الكلمة (في نهاية الكلمة). ويضيف إلى معنى جذر الكلمة.

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Suffix Description

condition

<p>condition</p>
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Suffix Description

pertaining to or referring to

<p>pertaining to or referring to</p>
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Suffix Description

process

<p>process</p>
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Suffix Description

procedures

<p>procedures</p>
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Suffix

-ac

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Suffix “ -ac “

pertaining to

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Suffix “ -ac “ + Cardi

Cardiac

Pertaining to the Heart

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Suffix “ -scope “

to view, to examine

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Suffix “ -scope “ + Micro

Microscope

instrument used to view

<p>Microscope</p><p class="is-empty is-editor-empty has-focus">instrument used to view</p>
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Combining form

صيغة الجمع

A word root with a combining vowel that makes it easier to pronounce the word.

. جذر كلمة متبوع بحرف وصل يسهّل نطق الكلام

Use the combining vowel when a combining form is joined to a suffix that begins with a consonant (does not begin with a vowel). Vowels (a-e-o-i-u).

استخدم حرف العلة الرابط عند إضافة صيغة مركبة إلى لاحقة تبدأ بحرف ساكن (أي لا تبدأ بحرف علة). حروف العلة هي: (a, e, i, o, u).

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Combining form

Dermat/o/logy

طب الجلد

Suffix

Dermat ➡Skin➡Word Root

logy➡Study of➡Suffix

/o/➡Combining Vowel

<p class="has-focus">Dermat/o/logy</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: right;">طب الجلد</p><p class="has-focus">Suffix</p><p>Dermat <span data-name="arrow_right" data-type="emoji">➡</span>Skin<span data-name="arrow_right" data-type="emoji">➡</span>Word Root</p><p class="is-editor-empty has-focus">logy<span data-name="arrow_right" data-type="emoji">➡</span>Study of<span data-name="arrow_right" data-type="emoji">➡</span>Suffix</p><p class="is-empty is-editor-empty has-focus">/o/<span data-name="arrow_right" data-type="emoji">➡</span>Combining Vowel</p>
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Combining form

A combining vowel is used to join two root word.

يُستخدم حرف علة رابط لربط جذرَي كلمة

التهاب المعدة والأمعاء

Gastroenteritis

Gastr ➡ Root

o ➡Combining Vowel

enter ➡Root

itis ➡Suffix

<p>A combining vowel is used to join two root word.</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: right;">يُستخدم حرف علة رابط لربط جذرَي كلمة</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: right;">التهاب المعدة والأمعاء</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: left;">Gastroenteritis</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: left;">Gastr <span data-name="arrow_right" data-type="emoji">➡</span> Root</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: left;">o <span data-name="arrow_right" data-type="emoji">➡</span>Combining Vowel</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: left;">enter <span data-name="arrow_right" data-type="emoji">➡</span>Root</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: left;">itis <span data-name="arrow_right" data-type="emoji">➡</span>Suffix</p>
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Combining form

Drop the combining vowel when a combining form is joined to a suffix that begins a vowel

احذف حرف العلة الرابط عند إضافة صيغة رابطة إلى لاحقة تبدأ بحرف علة

Arthritis

Arthr/o(joint) +itis (inflammation)=(no O)

التهاب المفاصل

Arthr/o (المفصل) + -itis (التهاب) = (no O)

<p>Drop the combining vowel when a combining form is joined to a suffix that begins a vowel</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: right;">احذف حرف العلة الرابط عند إضافة صيغة رابطة إلى لاحقة تبدأ بحرف علة</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: left;">Arthritis</p><p class="has-focus is-empty" style="text-align: left;">Arthr/o(joint) +itis (inflammation)=(no O)</p><p class="has-focus" style="text-align: right;">التهاب المفاصل</p><p class="has-focus is-empty" style="text-align: right;">Arthr/o (المفصل) + -itis (التهاب) = (no O)</p>
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Combining form:

Biology

Combing form - Bi/o = life

• Suffix - logy = the study of.

• The study of life.

دراسة الحياة.

<p>Biology</p><p class="has-focus">Combing form - Bi/o = life</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Suffix - logy = the study of.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• The study of life.</p><p class="is-empty has-focus" style="text-align: right;">دراسة الحياة.</p>
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Combining form:

Histology

Combing form - Hist/o = tissue

• Suffix - logy = the study of.

• The study of tissues.

• The sample was sent to the histology department.

علم الأنسجة

<p class="has-focus">Histology</p><p>Combing form - Hist/o = tissue</p><p class="is-empty is-editor-empty has-focus">• Suffix - logy = the study of.</p><p class="is-empty is-editor-empty has-focus">• The study of tissues.</p><p class="is-empty is-editor-empty has-focus">• The sample was sent to the histology department.</p><p class="is-empty is-editor-empty has-focus" style="text-align: right;">علم الأنسجة</p>
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Combining form:

Pathology

Combing form path/o = disease

• Suffix - logy = the study of.

• The study of disease.

• The sample was sent to the pathology department for analysis.

علم الأمراض

<p>Pathology</p><p class="has-focus">Combing form path/o = disease</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Suffix - logy = the study of.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• The study of disease.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• The sample was sent to the pathology department for analysis.</p><p class="is-empty has-focus" style="text-align: right;">علم الأمراض</p>
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Combining form:

Cardiology

Combing form cardi/o = heart

• Suffix - logy = the study of.

• The study of heart.

طب القلب

<p>Cardiology</p><p class="has-focus">Combing form cardi/o = heart</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Suffix - logy = the study of.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• The study of heart.</p><p class="is-empty has-focus" style="text-align: right;">طب القلب</p>
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Combining form:

Mental

Root - Ment = the mind.

• Suffix - al = (adjective marker) referring or pertaining to.

• Referring to the mind.

• Mental illnesses are difficult to treat.

عقلي

<p>Mental</p><p class="has-focus">Root - Ment = the mind.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Suffix - al = (adjective marker) referring or pertaining to.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Referring to the mind.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Mental illnesses are difficult to treat.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty" style="text-align: right;">عقلي</p>
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Combining form:

Renal

Root - Ren = kidney

• Suffix - al = (adjective marker) referring or pertaining to

• Referring to kidney.

• She has renal failure.

كلوي

<p>Renal</p><p class="has-focus">Root - Ren = kidney</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Suffix - al = (adjective marker) referring or pertaining to</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Referring to kidney.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• She has renal failure.</p><p class="is-empty has-focus" style="text-align: right;">كلوي</p>
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Combining form:

Tonsillectomy

Root - Tonsill = tonsils

• Suffix - ectomy = surgical removal.

• Surgical removal of the tonsils.

• The child had a tonsillectomy when he was ten.

إستئصال اللوزتين

<p>Tonsillectomy</p><p class="has-focus">Root - Tonsill = tonsils</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Suffix - ectomy = surgical removal.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• Surgical removal of the tonsils.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• The child had a tonsillectomy when he was ten.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty" style="text-align: right;">إستئصال اللوزتين</p>
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Combining form:

Thrombosis

Root - Thromb = blood clot

• Suffix - Osis = abnormal condition

• The formation or presence of blood clot.

• She has a deep-vein thrombosis in her left leg.

تجلط

<p>Thrombosis</p><p class="has-focus">Root - Thromb = blood clot</p><p class="has-focus is-empty" style="text-align: left;">• Suffix - Osis = abnormal condition</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• The formation or presence of blood clot.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty">• She has a deep-vein thrombosis in her left leg.</p><p class="has-focus is-empty" style="text-align: right;">تجلط</p>
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Green

Chlor/o

<p>Chlor/o</p>
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Light-colored

Albin/o

فاتح اللون

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Blue

Cyan/o

<p>Cyan/o</p>
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Red

Erythr/o

<p>Erythr/o</p>
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White

Leuk/o

<p>Leuk/o</p>
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Black

Melan/o

<p>Melan/o</p>
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Yellow

Xanth/o

<p>Xanth/o</p>
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Arthr/o

Joint

<p>Joint</p>
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Angi/o, Vas/o, Vascul/o

Vessel

<p>Vessel</p>
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Derm/o, dermat/o,

Skin

<p>Skin</p>
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Enter/o

Small intestine

<p>Small intestine</p>
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Gastr/o

Stomach

<p>Stomach</p>
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Cyt/o

cell

<p>cell</p>
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Cervic/a

Neck

<p>Neck</p>
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Hist/o

tissue

<p>tissue</p>
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My/o, Muscul/o

muscle

<p>muscle</p>
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Nas/o, Rhin/o

Nose

<p>Nose</p>
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Nephr/o, Ren/o

Kidney

<p>Kidney</p>
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Neur/o

Nerve

<p>Nerve</p>
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Thorac/o

Chest

<p>Chest</p>
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Hepat/ o

Liver

<p>Liver</p>
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Crin/o

To secrete

<p>To secrete</p>
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Necr/o

Death

<p>Death</p>
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Path/o

Disease

<p>Disease</p>
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Crani/o

Skull

<p>Skull</p>
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Col/o, colon/o

Colon

<p>Colon</p>
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Cardi/o

Heart

<p>Heart</p>
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Bi/o

life

<p>life</p>
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Hemat/o

blood

<p>blood</p>
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Thyroid/O

thyroid gland

<p>thyroid gland</p>
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Nat/O

birth

<p>birth</p>
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Tonsill/o

tonsil

<p>tonsil</p>
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Pelv/o

hip area

<p>hip area</p>
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Axill/o

armpit (underarm)

<p>armpit (underarm)</p>
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Cyst/o

urinary bladder; also. sac of fluid or cyst

<p>urinary bladder; also. sac of fluid or cyst</p>
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Cephal/o

head

<p>head</p>