Midterm 1 week 2

What is in each level of maslow’s hierarchy of needs from bottom to top

Bottom - physiological needs: Breathing, food, water, sleep, shelter, poo/pee

lvl2 - safety and security needs: safe place to sleep and live, financial stability

lvl3 - Love and belonging needs: friendships, family bonds, romantic intimacy, trust, being part of a social circle

lvl4 - esteem needs: 2 forms; 1. reputation like desire for success, validation, respect from others and 2. self esteem like independence, confidence and personal mastery

lvl5 - self actualization needs: Maximising your potential by exploring spiritual, creative, or mental challenges an hobbies or just exploring new and challenging aspects of life

What is self-actualization? What does it mean to be self-actualized?

It is the lifelong process of achieving your full potential. To become everything that one is capable of being, becoming the best version of yourself.

People who achieve self actualization:

1. Self actualization: Live life to their full potential

2. Realism: Tend to be realistic

3. Acceptance: Accept themselves for who they are

4. Autonomy: are self directed and independant

5. Authenticity: Are not afraid of being themselves

6. Capacity for intimacy: Can be physically and emotionally intimate

7. Creativity: Can look at the world with renewed appreciation

Who can establish intimacy and how? What does it entail?

People with established identities through open communication, long term commitment, love

How to develop an adult identity

A unified sense of self,

Early identities are often modeled after parents but rarely permanent

Having a stable sense of your values, abilities, needs, personality.

identity crisis

diffusion (no identity), foreclosure (forced idetity), moratorium(identity crisis) , achievement (established identity)

Negative vs positive self talk

Positive begins in childhood: Child needs to be loved

Integration

stability depends on integration

pessimistm may be a symptom of depression

pesimists expect failure

pessimists do not virw themselvesdeserving of success

Optimism vs pessimism

essimism may be a symptom of everyday depression and may be an

important root cause

Pessimists expect failure and rejection and may perceive it as being

deserved

Pessimists do not see themselves as deserving of success and may dismiss

evidence of their successes

Negative point of view is learned but has the potential to being unlearned

Important to recognize and dispute the false, negative predictions

optimists approach lifes difficulties in a more practical, productive, rational way.

How to deal with anger

Expressing anger is beneficial for mental and physical health

Angry words may dammage relationships

Distinguish between anger and self assertiveness

Intermittent exposive disorder is often accompanied by depression, it renders the person unable to think straight or act in their own best interest, lash out of control, real clinical disorder distinct from normal anger.

1. Reframe what you are thinking

2. Distract yourself

3. Cool off period

4. When others are angry acknowledge their right to anger and may be best to back off

Sings and symptoms of depression

Persistent low mood

No hobbies

Irritability

Guilt/self blame

Trouble focusing/brain fog

Suicidal thoughts

Sever fatigue

Bad sleep

Weight fluctuations

Slowed speech/movements

Unexplained aches and pains

Social withdrawal

Functional dcline

Neglecting selfcare

Symptoms and treatments for schizophrenia

Symptoms include:

1. Disorganized thoughts

2. Innapropriate emotions

3. delusions

4. Auditory hallucinations

5. Declining social and work functioning

Treatments incllude medication and therapy

What is the cognitive model and its concepts

Emphasizes the role of thoughts and beliefs in shaping emotions and behaviour

Behaviour and emotional responses reflect attitudes, expectations, interpretations and motives

Psychological distress is often linked to distorted or unhelpful patterns of thinking

Cognitive therapies focus on identifying, challenging and modifying negative thoughts or behaviours

By changing patterns of thinking, individuals can alter emotional responses and coping behaviours