Ch. 4 Energy
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17 Terms
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Kinetic energy
the energy a moving object has because of its motion
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Kinetic Energy Equation
KE =12mv2
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Joule (j)
SI unit of energy
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Potential energy
stored energy due to position
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Elastic potential energy
energy stored by something that can stretch or compress
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Chemical potential energy
energy stored in chemical bonds
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Gravitational potential energy (GPE)
energy stored by objects due to their position above Earths surface
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GPE equation
GPE = mgh
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The kinetic energy of a moving object can be calculated from this equation
KE =12mv2
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Gravitational potential energy can be calculated from this equation
GPE =mgh
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Mechanical energy
the total amount of potential and kinetic energy in a system
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Mechanical energy equation
mechanical energy = potential energy + kinetic energy
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The law of conservation of energy
states that energy cannot be created or destroyed
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The mechanical energy of a system is the sum of the kinetic and potential energy in the system
mechanical energy = KE + PE
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Moving objects have kinetic energy that depends on the objects mass and velocity, and can be calculated from this equation
KE =12mv2 KE =12mv2
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An object can have gravitational potential energy that depends on its mass and its height, and is given by this equation
GPE =mgh GPE =mgh
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The total amount of kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy in a system is the mechanical energy of the system
mechanical energy = KE + GPE