COMM 289 Midterm- Santa Barbara City College Darin Garard

Chapter 1: Identify a key feature of theory as suggested by Judee Burgoon.

a) theory consists of a set of hunches.

b) theory is unlikely to involve an element of speculation or conjecture.

c) theory is unlikely to fall in the hunch category when floated initially.

d) theory is based on an isolated idea

a) theory consists of a set of hunches.

Chapter 1: ______ is the relational process of creating and interpreting messages that elicit a response.

a) communication

b) message exchange

c) symbolic interaction

d) theory- building

a) communication

Chapter 1: which of the following had not been posed as a metaphor for theories?

a) lenses

b) maps

c) mirrors

d) nets

c) mirrors

Chapter 2: the central question addressed by epistemology is

a) "how can we predict the future effectively?"

b) "how do we know what we know, if we know it all?"

c) "what is the meaning of reality?"

d) "what is truth?"

b) "how do we know what we know, if we know it all?"

Chapter 2: which of the following statements is true about interpretive scholars?

a) they focus on conscious choices made by individuals.

b) they stress the forces that shape human behavior.

c) they believe that people should respond similarly under an identical set of circumstances.

d) they believe language creates social realities that represent fixed principles in a static world.

a) they focus on conscious choices made by individuals.

Chapter 2: identify a true statement about behavioral scientists

a) they attribute a person's action to conscious intent.

b) their word selection suggests that people are free agents who can decide to respond differently under an identical set of circumstances.

c) their casual explanations tend to include appeals to mental reasoning or conscious choice.

d) they usually describe human conduct as occurring because of forces outside the individual's awareness.

d) they usually describe human conduct as occurring because of forces outside the individual's awareness.

Chapter 3: ______ is defined as the requirement that a scientific theory be stated in such a way that it can be tested and disproved if it is indeed wrong.

a) falsifiability

b) predictability

c) practical utility

d) relative simplicity

a) falsifiability

Chapter 3: klaus krippendorff's self-referential imperative for building theory states that _____

a) individuals should unmask unjust communication practices that create gross imbalances of power.

b) theorists should attempt to identify communication patterns common to all people

c) theories should explain why people do what they do

d) theorists should include themselves as a constituent of their own theory construction

d) theorists should include themselves as a constituent of their own theory construction

Chapter 3: which of the following criteria is least applicable to interpretive theory?

a) aesthetic appeal

b) ability to generate change

c) relative simplicity

d) agreement within a community of scholars

c) relative simplicity

Chapter 4: the cybernetic tradition regards

a) technology to have impacted the ways in which people persuade and inspire others.

b) reality to be shaped by culture.

c) history to be characterized by an unjust distribution of suffering.

d) communication as the link connecting the separate parts of any system.

d) communication as the link connecting the separate parts of any system.

Chapter 4: in the field of communication theory, which of the following traditions places great emphasis on people's perception and their interpretation of their own experience?

a) the semiotic tradition

b) the socio-psychological tradition

c) the cybernetic tradition

d) the phenomenological tradition

d) the phenomenological tradition

Chapter 4: identify a true statement about the seven traditions that have deep roots in the field of communication theory.

a) the socio-cultural tradition is less interpretive than the cybernetic tradition.

b) the socio-psychological tradition is the most objective of the seven traditions.

c) the rhetorical tradition is rated less objective than the semiotic tradition

d) the phenomenological tradition is rated as the least subjective of the seven traditions.

b) the socio-psychological tradition is the most objective of the seven traditions.

Chapter 5: ______ is defined as the tendency for our expectations to evoke responses that confirm what we originally anticipated.

a) looking-glass self

b) generalized other

c) self- fulfilling prophecy

d) partipant observation

c) self- fulfilling prophecy

Chapter 5: the looking-glass self is defined as

a) the mental image others have of us.

b) the mental image we introspectively think we have.

c) the mental self-image that results from taking the role of the other.

d) the mental self-image of the physical attributes that we observe.

c) the mental self-image that results from taking the role of the other.

Chapter 5: George Herbert Mead regarded the generalized other as

a) a spontaneous, driving force that fosters an ethical obligation to care for the other.

b) the image a person has of themself based on societal expectations and responses.

c) a reminder that people are responsible for taking care of each other.

d) the self before the "me" develops.

b) the image a person has of themself based on societal expectations and responses.

Chapter 6: the term that was coined by Edward Hall to refer to the study of people's use of space as a special elaboration of culture is ______.

a) proxemics

b) kinesics

c) chronemics

d) haptics

a) proxemics

Chapter 6: the perceived positive or negative value assigned to a breach of expectations, regardless of who the violator is, is called _______.

a) response value

b) reinforcement value

c) violation valence

d) none of the above

c) violation valence

Chapter 6: the reward valence of a communicator is

a) the zone around the individual that is advantageous to cross

b) the sum of the positive and negative attributes the person brings to the encounter

c) the potential they have to reward or punish in the future

d) the sum of the positive and negative attributes the person brings to the encounter plus the potential he or she has to reward or punish in the future.

d) the sum of the positive and negative attributes the person brings to the encounter plus the potential he or she has to reward or punish in the future.

Chapter 7: which of the following family communication patterns creates a shared social reality by emphasizing parental authority and family rules?

a) conversation orientation

b) conformity orientation

c) warm conformity

d) pluralistic conformity

b) conformity orientation

Chapter 7: which of the following involves family members focusing cognitive attention on an object to form beliefs and attitudes about it?

a) mental schema

b) warm conformity

c) cold conformity

d) coorientation

a) mental schema

Chapter 7: which of the following family types is most likely to strongly believe in rules and give little room for disagreement?

a) pluralistic family

b) protective family

c) laissez-faire family

d) consensual family

b) protective family

Chapter 8: identify a true statement about closeness through self-disclosure.

a) the main route to deep social penetration is through verbal self-disclosure.

b) the depth of penetration and the degree of personal disclosure are mutually exclusive.

c) the exchange of biographical information through self-disclosure is difficult to achieve at the first meeting.

d) future privacy is easily achievable even after deep penetration through self-disclosure.

a) the main route to deep social penetration is through verbal self-disclosure.

Chapter 8: in their framework of social penetration theory, which of the following was an observation outlined by Irwin Altman and Dalmas Taylor about the penetration process?

a) peripheral items are exchanged later and less frequently than private information

b) self-disclosure is reciprocal, especially in the early stages of relationship development

c) penetration is slow at the start, but it gains momentum quickly as the tightly wrapped inner layers are reached

d) relational retreat is unlikely to lead to the deterioration of a warm friendship

b) self-disclosure is reciprocal, especially in the early stages of relationship development

Chapter 8: the threshold above which an interpersonal outcome seems attractive is called the _______.

a) reward level

b) comparison level of alternative

c) comparison level

d) satisfaction level

c) comparison level

Chapter 9: charles berger assumes that when strangers meet, their primary concern is to

a) predict and act upon the outcome value

b) increase predictability about the behavior of both themselves and others in the interaction

c) personalize the situation

d) disclose relativity important aspects of their and other's personalities

b) increase predictability about the behavior of both themselves and others in the interaction

Chapter 9: the two kinds of uncertainties a person deals with are

a) behavioral and cognitive questions

b) maintenance and task questions

c) interpersonal and public questions

d) depth and breadth questions

a) behavioral and cognitive questions

Chapter 9: charles berger proposes a series of axioms to explain the connection between his central concept of uncertainty and eight key variables of relationship development. according to these axioms, which of the following is most likely to reduce uncertainty?

a) lack of shared communication networks

b) decreases in nonverbal warmth

c) low levels of intimacy

d) similarities between persons

d) similarities between persons

Chapter 10: joseph walther's social information processing (SIP) theory describes ______ through online communication.

a) impression formation

b) relationship maintenance

c) self-image construction

d) self-concept development

a) impression formation

Chapter 10: which of the following factors is needed by online communicators to produce the same amount of impression formation and relationship development as face-to-face communicators, especially when the online channel is primarily text-based?

a) personalization of message content

b) extend time

c) increased amount of social information conveyed

d) directness of messages

b) extend time

Chapter 10: which of the following best describes a hyperpersonal relationship?

a) a relationship that is started offline and maintained via online communication

b) a relationship that is completely face-to-face

c) a relationship where one or both partners feel more intimate in person than via online communication

d) an online relationship that is more intimate than if partners were physically together

d) an online relationship that is more intimate than if partners were physically together

Chapter 11: the central concept of relational dialects theory is

a) uncertainty reduction

b) the desire for intimacy that causes self-disclosure

c) discourse, or "streams of talks that cohere around a given object of meaning"

d) online impression management that generates relationship development

c) discourse, or "streams of talks that cohere around a given object of meaning"

Chapter 11: which of the following is not one of the dialectical tensions that leslie baxter and barbara montgomery address?

a) revelation-- concealment

b) judgment-- acceptance

c) inclusion-- seclusion

d) conventionality-- uniqueness

b) judgment-- acceptance

Chapter 11: within any given relationship, leslie baxter regards the discursive struggle between _____ as foundational

a) openness and closedness

b) certainty and uncertainty

c) connection and autonomy

d) platonic and romantic

c) connection and autonomy

Chapter 12: sanda petronio prefers to use which of the following terms when describing the central action of her theory?

a) disclosure of private information

b) interactive intimacy

c) self-disclosure

d) self-other revelation

a) disclosure of private information

Chapter 12: according to communication privacy management theory (CPM), which of the following is not one of the factors that play into the way people develop their own privacy rules?

a) culture

b) family background

c) motivation

d) risk-benefit ratios

b) family background

Chapter 12: which of the following best describes a reluctant confidant?

a) a confidant who deserves access and control regarding private information and the rules for sharing it

b) a confidant who is fully committed to not sharing private information if not desired by the original owner

c) a co-owner of private information who did not seek it nor want it

d) a recipient who sought out private information to help others out

c) a co-owner of private information who did not seek it nor want it