BIOL 2401: A&P - Excerise 17: Gross Anatomy of the Brain
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106 Terms
Identify the major region at the pointer.
Diencephalon
What is the function of the major region at the pointer?
Acts as the major “hub” of the brain.
Identify the major region at the pointer.
Brain stem
Identify the three distinct regions that make up the major region at the pointer.
Midbrain
Pons
Medulla oblongata
Identify the region at the pointer.
(Most specific answer)
Pons
What is the main function of the region at the pointer?
Connects the brain to the lower CNS.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Transverse fissure
What two major regions does the structure at the pointer separate?
The cerebrum and cerebellum.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Longitudinal fissure
What two regions does the structure at the pointer separate?
The left and right hemispheres.
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Primary motor cortex
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Gives rise to the main output signals for voluntary movement.
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Premotor cortex
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Responsible for planning, preparing, and organizing complex voluntary movement.
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Prefrontal cortex
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Responsible for personality, complex reasoning, and intellect.
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Broca’s area
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Controls the muscles involved in speech (left hemisphere only)
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Primary somatosensory cortex
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Receives impulses from sensory impulses
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Somatosensory association area
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Interprets the meaning of the incoming stimuli (awareness) of the primary somatosensory cortex
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Wernicke’s area
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Where unfamiliar words are sounded out.
(Located between the parietal and temporal lobes, left hemisphere only)
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Primary auditory cortex
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Receives and processes incoming sound information.
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Auditory association area
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Interprets the sound information received by the primary auditory cortex.
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Visual association area
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Interprets the images seen by the primary visual cortex
Identify the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer.
Primary visual cortex
What is the function of the specific functional area of the brain at the pointer?
Perception of light
Identify the larger anatomical region at the pointer.
Occipital lobe
Identify the larger anatomical region at the pointer.
Temporal lobe
Identify the larger anatomical region at the pointer.
Frontal lobe
Identify the larger anatomical region at the pointer.
Parietal lobe
Identify the larger anatomical region at the pointer.
Insula (insular lobe)
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Fornix
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Tract concerned with olfaction and limbic system.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Corpus callosum
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Highway between the left and right hemispheres of the brain.
What is the matter at the pointer composed of?
Bundles of axons called fiber tracts.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Lateral sulcus
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Central sulcus
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Precentral gyrus
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Postcentral gyrus
Identify the larger anatomical region at the pointer.
Insula (insular lobe)
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Infundibulum
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Olfactory bulb
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Processing site for incoming smell information from the nasal mucosa.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Olfactory tract
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Transmits smell data from the nose directly to the olfactory bulb for processing.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Optic nerve (II)
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Transmits visual information from the eyes directly to the primary visual cortex.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Optic chiasma
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Crossing over of visual information from L to R and R to L
Allows for depth perception
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Optic tract
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Transmits visual information from the optic chiasma to the thalamus.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Pituitary gland
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Releases hormones
Functions as a central controller of endocrine responses, coordinating hormone release under the direction of the hypothalamus.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Interthalamic adhesion
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Links the right and left halves of the thalamus across the midline.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Thalamus
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
The major integrating and relay station for sensory impulses.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Choroid plexus
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Pineal gland
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Regulates sleep-wake cycle
Produces melatonin
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Mammillary body
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
The relay stations for olfaction
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Arbor vitae
What is the structure at the pointer composed of?
White matter
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Hypothalamus
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Secretes hormones
Maintains homeostasis
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Epithalamus
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Forms the roof of the third ventricle
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Cerebral aqueduct
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Allows CSF to flow between the third and fourth ventricles.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Corpora quadrigemina
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Contains the visual and auditory reflex centers.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Fourth ventricle
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Receives CSF from the cerebral aqueduct and routes it to the subarachnoid space via its apertures.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Pons
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Connects the brain to the lower CNS
Forms the wall of the fourth ventricle
Identify the region at the pointer.
Anterior lobe
Identify the region at the pointer.
Flocculonodular lobe
Identify the region at the pointer.
Posterior lobe
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Falx cerebri
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Stabilizes and separates the hemispheres
Houses an important venous sinus for blood return from the brain
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Tentorium cerebelli
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Seperates the cerebrum from the cerebellum
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Falx cerebelli
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Separates the two cerebellar hemispheres
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Superior sagittal sinus
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Receives waste from the brain.
Receives venous blood and CSF from the brain and returns them to the systemic venous system.
What lines the structure at the pointer?
The periosteal layer (above) and the meningeal layer (below) of the dura mater.
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Cerebral aqueduct
What is the function of the structure at the pointer?
Connects the third and fourth ventricles
Identify the structure at the pointer.
Lateral ventricle