Cell Components (U2)

Mitochandria

Converts glucose into energy for the cell

Golgi Apparatus

Manufacturing center of the cell/ receiving, modifying, and shipping center of the cell

Centrioles

Found only in animal cells used during cell division

Tonoplast

Membrane that encloses the central vacuole in a plant cell

Grana

A stack of thylakoids

Cytosol

Semi - fluid medium which supports organelles

Cell Wall

Protective structure in a plant cell that gives it shape

Organelles

“Little Organs”

Plastids

Closely Related plant organelles that include chloroplasts, and amyloplasts

Lysosome

Digests macromolecules with hydrolytic enzyme

Phagocytosis

Engulfing large molecules into the cell

Prokaryote

No nuclues

Centrosome

Area near the nucleus from which microtubules radiate

Cytoplasm

Cytosol found outside the nucleus and inside the cell membrane

Cristae

Membrane folds found inside the mitochondria

Eukaryote

True Nucleus

Plasma Membrane

Outer boundary of the cell

Nucleus

Control Center that contains DNA

Chromatin

Long thin strands of DNA

Ribosomes

Site of protein synthesis

ER

Network used to transport materials throughout the cell / helps produce proteins, hormones, and membranes (like the lipids in the lipid membrane)

Glycoproteins

Proteins covalently bonded to carbohydrates

Contractile Vacuole

Used by protists to pump excess H20

Nuclear Envelope

Lipid bilayer perforated with pores

Chloroplasts

Site of photosynthesis

Thylakoids

Flatten sacs inside the chloroplast

Nuclear Lamina

Net like array of protein filaments that helps maintain shape and structure in eukaryotes

Stroma

Fluid outside the thylakoids

Nucleolus

found inside the nucleus, synthesizes RNA components

Plasmodesmata

Channels between cell walls

Nucleoid

Concentration of genetic material found in prokaryotes

Peroxisome

specialized structure that uses enzymes to transfer H+ to O2