ENVIRONMENT & TOURISM

to upset the ecological balance

Nghĩa: đảo lộn sự cân bằng sinh thái | Ví dụ: Overfishing and rampant [tràn lan] deforestation can severely upset the ecological balance of the region.

the fauna and flora

Nghĩa: hệ động vật và thực vật của một vùng | Ví dụ: The national park was established to preserve the rare fauna and flora of the tropical rainforest.

vanish from the earth

Nghĩa: biến mất khỏi trái đất | Ví dụ: Unless global warming is halted, many marine organisms will vanish from the earth forever.

biosphere

Nghĩa: sinh quyển | Ví dụ: Industrial waste and plastic pollution pose an unprecedented threat to the global biosphere.

destructive fishing practices

Nghĩa: các phương thức đánh bắt có tính hủy diệt | Ví dụ: Severely affected by pollution and destructive fishing practices, many coral reefs have been destroyed.

- Destructive fishing practices, such as fishing with explosives or using electricity, harm both human safety and aquatic systems.

fishing with explosives

Nghĩa: đánh bắt bằng chất nổ | Ví dụ: Fishing with explosives and cyanide must be banned because it has destroyed the habitat of marine life.

to spray chemical defoliants

Nghĩa: xịt chất hóa học làm rụng lá | Ví dụ: The extensive spraying of chemical defoliants destroyed vast forest areas and severely degraded the soil.

herbicide

Nghĩa: thuốc diệt cỏ | Ví dụ: Farmers are urged to reduce the overuse of herbicide and insecticide to prevent toxic runoff into rivers.

• Runoff /ˈrʌn.ɒf/ (uncoun): dòng nước chảy tràn trên bề mặt đất, thường mang theo các chất như phân bón, thuốc trừ sâu hoặc chất ô nhiễm vào sông, hồ.

insecticide

Nghĩa: thuốc diệt côn trùng | Ví dụ: Farmers are urged to reduce the overuse of herbicide and insecticide to prevent toxic runoff into rivers.

flooding over a large area

Nghĩa: ngập lụt trên diện rộng | Ví dụ: Torrential rains caused catastrophic flooding over a large area in the central river basin.-

• basin: lưu vực

to be inundated

Nghĩa: bị ngập lụt | Ví dụ: During high tides and typhoons, low-lying coastal villages are often completely inundated.

to recede

Nghĩa: rút (nước lụt) | Ví dụ: Local villagers began cleaning up the debris as soon as the floodwaters started to recede.

torrential rains

Nghĩa: mưa lũ, mưa xối xả | Ví dụ: Torrential rains lasting for several hours flooded many streets and disrupted traffic in the city.

flood-prone areas

Nghĩa: vùng dễ bị ngập lụt | Ví dụ: Local authority is implementing new measures to protect residents in flood-prone areas during the rainy season.

coastal swamp forests

Nghĩa: rừng đầm lầy ven biển | Ví dụ: Coastal swamp forests act as natural barriers protecting inland areas against destructive storm surges.

coastal mangrove forests

Nghĩa: rừng ngập mặn ven biển | Ví dụ: Coastal mangrove forests serve as essential breeding and feeding grounds for thousands of marine species.

The Center for Hydro Meteorology and Weather Forecasting

Nghĩa: Trung tâm Thủy văn và Dự báo thời tiết | Ví dụ: The Center for Hydro Meteorology and Weather Forecasting warned that a severe storm was approaching the Gulf of Tonkin.

room rates

Nghĩa: giá thuê phòng | Ví dụ: During peak tourism seasons, beach resorts usually raise their room rates by 25%.

hotel occupants

Nghĩa: khách lưu trú tại khách sạn | Ví dụ: Hotel occupants were instructed to evacuate calmly following the fire emergency alert.

the occupancy rate

Nghĩa: tỉ lệ có khách, tỉ lệ lấp đầy phòng | Ví dụ: The average occupancy rate of local luxury hotels reached over 85% during the international cultural festival.

effectively

Nghĩa: về cơ bản, gần như là, used when you are saying what the facts of a situation are

| Ví dụ: A quarter of the world’s reefs are already effectively gone.

resource management

Nghĩa: quản lý tài nguyên | Ví dụ: Effective resource management is crucial to balancing environmental conservation with tourism development.

fisher

Nghĩa: ngư dân | Ví dụ: Fishers can catch a large number of fish by using cyanide and explosives, but this fishing practice will ultimately harm themselves.

marine reserve

Nghĩa: khu bảo tồn biển | Ví dụ: Creating marine reserves helps safeguard fragile coral reefs and replenish depleted fish stocks.

menacing

/ˈmenəsɪŋ/ Nghĩa: đáng sợ, có vẻ đe dọa | Ví dụ: Rising ocean temperatures present a menacing threat to marine ecosystems around the world.

undoing

Nghĩa: sự sụp đổ, nguyên nhân diệt vong / thất bại | Ví dụ: Corals are odd creatures, and that may be their undoing.

metabolism

Nghĩa: sự trao đổi chất, quá trình chuyển hóa | Ví dụ: Heat boosts the plants' metabolism, so they generate more oxygen.

• Your body needs energy to maintain its metabolism.

the ornamental fish trade

Nghĩa: ngành buôn bán cá cảnh | Ví dụ: The rapid expansion of the ornamental fish trade has increased the exploitation of wild coral reefs.

harm oneself

Nghĩa: làm hại bản thân | Ví dụ: Fishers catch fish using cyanide and explosives, but this practice will ultimately harm themselves.

catch a large number of fish

Nghĩa: đánh bắt được nhiều cá | Ví dụ: Fishers can catch a large number of fish by using cyanide and explosives.

implement new measures

Nghĩa: triển khai biện pháp mới | Ví dụ: Local authority is implementing new measures to protect residents in flood-prone areas during the rainy season.

rainy season

Nghĩa: mùa mưa | Ví dụ: Local authority is implementing new measures to protect residents in flood-prone areas during the rainy season.

disrupt traffic

Nghĩa: cản trở giao thông | Ví dụ: Torrential rains lasting for several hours flooded many streets and disrupted traffic in the city.

breeding and feeding grounds

Nghĩa: nơi sinh sản và kiếm ăn | Ví dụ: Coastal mangrove forests serve as essential breeding and feeding grounds for thousands of marine species.

carry the story

Nghĩa: đưa tin, truyền tải thông tin | Ví dụ: Numerous international travel magazines carried the story highlighting Vietnam's eco-tourism developments.

make it to + place

Nghĩa: đến nơi nào đó (dù khó khăn) | Ví dụ: We made it to the airport just before the gate closed.

be kept in captivity

Nghĩa: bị giam cầm, nuôi nhốt | Ví dụ: Some animals never breed when they are kept in captivity.

flag carrier

Nghĩa: hãng hàng không quốc gia | Ví dụ: Vietnam Airlines is the flag carrier of Vietnam.

a cost-cutting plan

Nghĩa: kế hoạch cắt giảm chi tiêu | Ví dụ: The airline introduced a cost-cutting plan to survive (vượt qua) the downturn in global tourism demand.

legs of flights

Nghĩa: chặng bay | Ví dụ: During the final leg of the flight, many passengers complained of headaches and breathing troubles.

compromise safety

Nghĩa: ảnh hưởng đến sự an toàn | Ví dụ: They said that they didn’t want to compromise the safety of passengers for any reason.

scrap

Nghĩa: loại bỏ, hủy bỏ (dự án, chính sách) | Ví dụ: A government official requesting anonymity said that the government was considering scrapping that project.

investigate the association’s complaints

Nghĩa: điều tra những khiếu nại của Hiệp hội | Ví dụ: The Ministry of Transport launched an inquiry to investigate the association’s complaints.

go into effect

Nghĩa: bắt đầu có hiệu lực | Ví dụ: The increase in airfares will go into effect next week.

be compensated for their overtime

Nghĩa: được trả công khi làm thêm giờ | Ví dụ: The airline agreed to compensate its employees for their overtime.

release a statement

Nghĩa: đưa ra một tuyên bố | Ví dụ: The airline released a statement apologising for the flight delays.

government officials

Nghĩa: ~ quan chức nhà nước | Ví dụ: A government official requesting anonymity said that the government was considering scrapping that project.

working overtime

Nghĩa: làm thêm giờ | Ví dụ: They were tired from working overtime.

THE FORESTRY AND PLANTATIONS MINISTER

Nghĩa: Bộ trưởng Lâm nghiệp và Đồn điền | Ví dụ: The Forestry and Plantations Minister called on local authorities to combat illegal logging firms vigorously.

• vigorously: mạnh mẽ, quyết liệt

• call on: yêu cầu

arable farming land

/ˈærəbl/ Nghĩa: đất có thể trồng trọt, đất canh tác | Ví dụ: Prolonged droughts have turned fertile /ˈfɜːtaɪl/ arable farming land into dry, uncultivated soil.

the affected area

Nghĩa: khu vực bị ảnh hưởng |

• Government relief [cứu trợ] agencies promptly delivered food and clean water to the affected area.

• The government drafted a new policy to support victims in flood-affected areas.

arid land

Nghĩa: đất khô cằn | Ví dụ: Drip-irrigation techniques have allowed farmers to grow cash crops even on arid land.

arable land

Nghĩa: đất trồng trọt được | Ví dụ: Land reclamation projects help expand the country's arable land.

allocate a sum for

Nghĩa: dành một số tiền cho | Ví dụ: The government decided to allocate a substantial sum for expanding national marine reserves.

rehabilitate damaged forests

Nghĩa: phục hồi rừng bị tổn hại | Ví dụ: It would take decades to recover and rehabilitate these damaged forests.

the practice of nomadic farming

Nghĩa: tập quán du canh du cư | Ví dụ: One of the measures to protect forests is to stop the practice of nomadic farming.

slash-and-burn cultivation

Nghĩa: làm rẫy (đốt rừng làm rẫy) | Ví dụ: Deforestation is mainly caused by forest fires, logging, and slash-and-burn cultivation.

logging

Nghĩa: khai thác rừng lấy gỗ | Ví dụ: Deforestation is mainly caused by forest fires, logging, and slash-and-burn cultivation.

at risk / in danger of destruction

Nghĩa: có nguy cơ bị hủy diệt | Ví dụ: These forests are at risk / in danger of destruction.

take drastic measures

Nghĩa: áp dụng biện pháp quyết liệt | Ví dụ: The government must take drastic measures to protect these endangered forests.

land clearing

Nghĩa: khai hoang, phát quang đất | Ví dụ: Massive land clearing for industrial plantations has led to serious soil erosion.

logging firm

Nghĩa: công ty khai thác lâm nghiệp | Ví dụ: If proven guilty, these logging companies will have their licences revoked.

will have their licenses revoked

Nghĩa: bị thu hồi giấy phép | Ví dụ: If proven guilty, these logging companies will have their licences revoked.

criminal penalties

Nghĩa: hình phạt hình sự | Ví dụ: The court decided to impose heavy criminal penalties on the directors of the illegal logging firm.