Social studies exam

Democracy

A form of government where the country votes on who they want to lead the country (example: NZ).

Dictatorship

A form of government where one person or a small group has all the power and leads the country on their own (example: North korea).

Monarchy

A form of government where one person (king, queen, emperor or empress) leads the country. Usually has help from another person (prime minister) (example: United kingdom).

Military

A form of government where the army controls the country (example: Guinea).

Theocracy

A form of government that is very religious and considers god or another religious person to be the ultimate head of government (example: Iran).

Rule of Law

The core democratic principle that laws apply equally to all people, including government leaders, and are administered by an independent judiciary.

Free and Fair Elections

Regular voting conducted by secret ballot where citizens choose their leaders without interference.

poverty

the state of being poor, as measured by low income, deprivation, lack of access to resources, or limited economic opportunities

Resources

all things used in producing goods and services

goods

Items purchased to satisfy needs and wants

Services

Activities that are consumed at the same time they are produced

access

(n) approach or admittance to places, persons, things; an increase; (v) to get at, obtain

Distribution

The arrangement of something across Earth's surface.

developed country

a modern, industrialized country in which people are generally better educated and healthier and live longer than people in developing countries do

developing country

A country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of economic development

NGO

non-governmental organization

vulnerable

susceptible to physical or emotional attack or harm

environmental factors

the water, topography, and vegetation of an area or region

Economic Factors

Changes in the economy that affect consumer spending

Societal Factors

poverty

racism

economics

health illiteracy

limited education

educational inequality

Political Factors

Includes changes in political leadership, and citizen rights.

disparities

differences

Standard of Living

Quality of life in a country based on three key factors.

GDP

Gross Domestic Product

Per Capita

The average income a person makes in a year within a country.

Literacy Rate

Percentage of the population over 15 that can read and write.

Life Expectancy

How long the average life will be within a country.

Perspective

What shapes people's values; also known as attitude or mindset.

Values

Why someone holds a particular view.

Point of View

What someone believes.

Perspective Lenses

Categories through which perspectives can be viewed

Environmental Perspective

A lens focused on ecological and environmental concerns.

Cultural Perspective

A lens shaped by cultural practices

Economic Perspective

A lens focused on financial

Pull Factors

Reasons that attract people to move to a new destination.

Push Factors

Reasons that cause people to leave their origin destination.

Obstacles

Challenges or barriers that make it difficult for people to move.

Migration model/ map

two circles with a box between them to show push/pull factors