HONORS US HISTORY

Studying for Social Studies

What were the 3 advantages of the Union during the war?

The union had a larger population, an established government and military including a navy, and manufacturing, railroads, and countries wealth

What were the disadvantages of the Union during the war?

They were fighting an offensive war and have to invade the south, there was divided public opinion, and the generals were less skilled and hesitant

What were the advantages of the Confederacy during the war?

They had skilled generals and military traditions, they were fighting a defensive war and are knowledgeable regarding the land, and they were motivated by the cause for independence

What were the disadvantages of the Confederacy during the war?

They didn’t have an established government, they were reliant on trade to gain resources needed to fight the war and do not have a Navy to protect shipping, lower population

What was included in the Wilmot Proviso?

This was a proposal to ban slavery in the Mexican Cession and it caused political anger in the South and since it upset the balance of power in Congress, it was never passed

What was included in the Compromise of 1850?

California was added as a free state

Slave trade was banned in Washington DC

The Fugitive Slave Act

Popular Sovereignty will decide slavery in the territories

What was included in the Fugitive Slave Act?

Northerners were required to assist in the process of catching runaway enslaved people

People accused of escaping slavery were not given a fair trial

What was included in the Kansas-Nebraska Act?

They got the south to agree to settling the Kansas and Nebraska territories, Douglas proposed the Popular Sovereignty would be used to decide the issue of slavery in the territories and this upset the North because this was above the Missouri Compromise where slavery was originally banned

Led to Bleeding Kansas

What was included in the Dred Scott Decision?

Enslaved people were ruled to be property and not citizens of the US

He did not have the right to file a lawsuit

Congress cannot ban slavery in the territories

Population Sovereignty is unconstitutional, so Congress cannot ban slavery

What was the outcome of the Election of 1860

Abraham Lincoln was elected president and he won the electoral college even though he was not on the ballot in the southern states

The Southern states felt as though they did not have representation in the government

Southern states viewed Lincoln as an abolitionist and seceded

What were the Border States?

Missouri, Tennessee, Maryland, and Delaware

How did the Border States affect the war?

Lincoln did not make the war about slavery in the beginning and that could have caused the states to secede

What caused the Civil War to officially begin?

The states seceded formed the Confederacy and Lincoln sent unarmed supply ships to Fort Sumter, and then the fort was attacked and taken over

What did Lincoln state in his inaugural address about slavery and the South seceding?

He stated that he had no plans to interfere with slavery in the states were it existed and he said the South did not have the right to secede

How did the Civil War affect the Home Front?

The Union increased manufacturing to support the war and the economy grew

The draft led to riots and the Confederacy was mostly fighting on their own soil

There was shortages of goods because they rely on trade to get resources and the Union blocked their trade with their Navy

What caused Lincoln to issue the Emancipation Proclamation?

Lincoln shifted his thinking in the purpose of the war and that was to end slavery

He wanted to hurt the south as well because it would hurt their war effort if enslaved people were freed and supported the Union

What are the effects of the Emancipation Proclamation?

Border States still had slavery but enslaved people were freed in the states rebelling against the Union

Freedmen were encouraged to join the Union Army and fight in the war

How did the war affect the Black soldiers that served?

Successes: Change in people’s views and equality, equal wages toward the end of the war, a path to citizenship , 80 black men were commissioned officers, 23 black men received the medal of honor, 180,000 black men served in the war, which was 85% of the entire eligible population

Challenges: prejudice and racism affected positions and rank in military, segregated units, harsher punishments when captured by the Confederacy, lower wages, and were not originally accepted into the military

What occurred at the battle of Gettysberg?

Conflict on Union soil that happened when the confederate army was looking for supplies

3 day battle with over 50,000 casualties and 7,000 deaths

Union victory and South will retreat, which turns into the turning point of the war with the Union having the upper hand

What was the significance of the Gettysberg Address?

Lincoln stated that the purpose of the war was to end slavery which turned into a new birth of freedom

What is total War?

Civilian and non-military resources are targeted in the war effort and it also mobilized civilians to support the war effort

What are the effects of Total War?

The economy and morale of the south was affected leading to surrender

What occurred in Sherman’s March to the sea?

Towns and cities were burned and attacked

Plantations, fields, and crops were burned,

Resources and property were taken by the Union Army

Railroads were destroyed so they were unusable by the Confederacy

What was included in the 13th Amendment?

It ended slavery except for punishment for a crime

What was agreed to in the terms of surrender?

Confederate army was fed and then sent home with their property and horses