NU 105 Exam 1 Vocabulary Study Guide

Vocabulary flashcards covering foundational nursing historical figures, legislative acts, educational reports, and professional concepts for NU 105 Exam 1.

Eisenhower Matrix

A prioritization framework that uses urgency and importance to identify tasks needing immediate attention versus those that can wait.

Pomodoro Technique

A time management method involving $25$ minutes of focused work followed by a $5$-minute break to maintain concentration.

VARK Model

A framework identifying four primary learning styles: Visual, Auditory, Read/write, and Kinesthetic.

Multimodal Learning

The practice of using multiple learning styles to optimize retention and comprehension based on subject matter.

Nursing Process

A structured framework for clinical decision-making consisting of Assessment $\rightarrow$ Diagnosis $\rightarrow$ Planning $\rightarrow$ Implementation $\rightarrow$ Evaluation.

Maslow's Hierarchy

A framework applied in clinical prioritization where physiological needs take priority over psychosocial needs.

CCNE and ACEN

The Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education and the Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing, the primary accreditation bodies for nursing education programs.

Ebers Papyrus

An ancient Egyptian medical document from c. $1550\text{ BC}$ documenting hundreds of medical remedies.

Hippocrates

The Ancient Greek physician known as the 'Father of Medicine' who separated medicine from superstition and established the ethical Hippocratic Oath.

Valetudinaria

Ancient Roman military hospitals built to provide healthcare for soldiers.

Galen

An ancient Roman physician (c. $129$\text{--}$200\text{ AD}$) who contributed significantly to anatomy and physiology and promoted Greek humoral theory.

Greek Humoral Theory

A theory promoted by Hippocrates and Galen stating that disease results from an imbalance in four humors: blood, phlegm, yellow bile, and black bile.

Asclepeions

Ancient Greek healing temples where sick individuals sought divine intervention through rituals, incubation, and priestly care.

Nutricius

The Latin word meaning to nourish, protect, and sustain—from which the word 'nurse' originates, historically referring to a wet-nurse.

Notes on Nursing: What It Is, and What It Is Not

An 1859 publication by Florence Nightingale that provided the first formal, systematic description of modern nursing.

Angel in the House Concept

A Victorian era belief framing nursing as a domestic, feminine duty of wives and mothers caring for family at home.

Clara Barton

Civil War nurse known as the 'Angel of the Battlefield' who founded the American Red Cross in 1881.

Nightingale Training School for Nurses

The world's first formal nursing school, established in 1860 at St. Thomas' Hospital in London using the Nightingale Fund.

Mrs. Sarah Wardroper

Matron of St. Thomas' Hospital who was appointed as the first Superintendent of the Nightingale Training School for Nurses.

Coxcomb Diagram

A statistical rose diagram created by Florence Nightingale to visually present data on how sanitation reform reduced wartime mortality in Scutari.

Dorothea Dix

A reformer for the humane treatment of the mentally ill who expanded over 30 hospitals and served as Superintendent of Army Nurses for the Union during the Civil War.

Moral Treatment

A psychiatric care approach promoted by Dorothea Dix, derived from Philippe Pinel and the York Retreat, replacing physical restraint and caging with humane care.

Mary Eliza Mahoney

The first African American woman to graduate from a U.S. nursing school (1879, New England Hospital for Women and Children) and co-founder of the NACGN.

NACGN

National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses, co-founded by Mary Eliza Mahoney in 1908 to combat discrimination in nursing.

Lillian Wald

The founder of public health nursing who coined the term 'public health nurse' and co-founded the Henry Street Settlement in 1893.

Henry Street Settlement

A community facility founded in 1893 in NYC's Lower East Side by Lillian Wald to provide healthcare and social services to immigrant populations.

Isabel Hampton Robb

A pioneer in U.S. nursing education reform who advocated for standardized curricula, founded the ANA, and helped establish Johns Hopkins School of Nursing.

Goldmark Report

A landmark 1923 report authored by Josephine Goldmark recommending university affiliations and national accreditation for nursing programs.

Brown Report

A 1948 report titled 'Nursing for the Future' by Esther Lucile Brown recommending that nursing education transition into colleges and universities.

Lysaught Report

A 1970 report titled 'An Abstract for Action' by Jerome Lysaught recommending further structural reform in nursing education.

Margaret Sanger

Pioneer in reproductive rights and birth control who opened the first U.S. birth control clinic in 1916.

Mary Breckinridge

Founder of the Frontier Nursing Service in 1925, introducing nurse-midwifery to rural Kentucky.

Frontier Nursing Service (FNS)

An organization established in 1925 in Leslie County, Kentucky, whose nurses traveled on horseback to deliver care to remote Appalachian families.

Linda Aiken's Research Study

A landmark 2003 JAMA study showing that every $10\%$ increase in BSN-prepared hospital nurses is associated with a $5\%$ decrease in patient mortality.

BSN in 10 Laws

Legislation requiring Registered Nurses to obtain a Bachelor of Science in Nursing within 10 years of initial licensure.

PhD in Nursing

A research-focused doctoral degree emphasizing original research generation, methodology, and theory development.

DNP

Doctor of Nursing Practice, a practice-focused doctorate emphasizing the application of research evidence to clinical practice.

Hill-Burton Act

The Hospital Survey and Construction Act of 1946, sponsored by Harold Burton and Lister Hill, providing federal grants to construct and modernize healthcare facilities.

Operation Nightingale (2023)

A federal investigation that exposed over 7,600 fraudulent nursing diplomas and transcripts sold by corrupt Florida nursing schools.

U.S. Cadet Nurse Corps

A WWII federal program created in 1943 by Rep. Frances P. Bolton providing free nursing education in exchange for wartime nursing service.

MASH Units

Mobile Army Surgical Hospital units conceptualized in 1946 to deliver emergency surgery close to combat front lines.

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP)

An approach integrating current best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values to make care decisions.

PICO Format

A standardized framework used in Evidence-Based Practice to formulate clinical research questions.

State Board of Nursing (BON)

A state agency responsible for protecting public safety by issuing licenses, approving education programs, and enforcing the Nurse Practice Act.

Nurse Practice Act (NPA)

State legislation defining legal scope of nursing practice, title protections, licensure qualifications, and disciplinary grounds.

NCSBN

National Council of State Boards of Nursing, an organization comprising member state boards that creates and administers the NCLEX exams.

Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC)

An agreement administered by the NCSBN allowing nurses to hold one multi-state license valid in all participating compact jurisdictions.

Computerized Adaptive Testing (CAT)

The examination delivery format used for the NCLEX that dynamically alters question difficulty based on prior candidate responses.