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This set of flashcards covers key terms and concepts related to molecular geometry, Lewis structures, and the behavior of atoms within molecules, providing definitions useful for understanding chemical bonding and molecular shapes.

Resonance Structures

Different ways of drawing a molecule where the bonding arrangement of electrons can change while the arrangement of the atoms remains the same.

Electron Domains

Regions of space around a central atom where electrons are likely to be found; includes bonded atoms and lone pairs.

Tetrahedral Geometry

A molecular shape where a central atom is bonded to four other atoms, with bond angles of approximately 109.5 degrees.

Lone Pair

A pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom and are located on the central atom.

Molecular Shape

The three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms in a molecule, influenced by the electron domain geometry.

Bent Shape

Molecular geometry of certain molecules that have two bonded atoms and one or two lone pairs on the central atom, leading to an angle less than 120 degrees.

Trigonal Bipyramidal Geometry

A molecular shape where a central atom is bonded to five atoms, with bond angles of 90 degrees and 120 degrees.

Stable Structure

A Lewis structure that minimizes formal charges and maximizes the number of atoms that have a full valence shell.

Bond Angles

The angles formed between three atoms in a molecule, which can be affected by lone pairs and the number of bonded groups.

Square Planar Shape

A molecular geometry in which four atoms are arranged at the corners of a square around a central atom, with bond angles of 90 degrees.

Formal Charge

A theoretical charge assigned to an atom in a molecule based on the number of valence electrons it possesses compared to the number of bonds and lone pair electrons it has.