Bone Functions: Support, Movement, Hematopoiesis, and Mineral Storage

Comprehensive practice flashcards covering bone functions, including structural support, protection, lever-based movement, hematopoiesis, and mineral salt storage.

Which body structures are given shape by bones?

The face and limbs.

Which skeletal structures are responsible for supporting the body's weight?

The legs, pelvis, and vertebrae.

What specific internal organs are protected by the skull, ribs, and pelvis?

The skull protects the brain and eyes, the ribs protect the lungs and heart, and the pelvis protects the abdominal organs.

How do bones and muscles interact to facilitate body movement?

Muscles attach to bones, and together they function as a simple machine called a lever.

What is hematopoiesis, and what do its word origins signify?

Hematopoiesis is the process of blood cell formation; its word origins are "heme" meaning blood and "poie" meaning making.

In which three body locations are blood cells produced?

In the liver, spleen, and bone marrow.

Where is marrow located within the skeletal system?

In the medullary cavities of long bones, in the spaces of spongy bone, and in the osteonic canals of compact bone.

What type of blood cells are shown here, and what are the meaning of their scientific name's root words?

Red blood cells (erythrocytes); "erythr" means red and "cyte" means cell.

What general category of cells is shown here, and what five specific types are pictured?

White blood cells or leukocytes ("leuko" means white); the five types pictured are neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes.

What blood components are shown here, and what does the root of their scientific name mean?

Blood platelets or thrombocytes; the root word "thromb" means clot.

In which bones is red blood cell-producing spongy bone found?

In the spongy bone of the skull, ribs, sternum, clavicles, vertebrae, and pelvis.

What are the two key characteristics of yellow bone marrow?

It replaces red marrow with age and stores fat.

What inorganic salts are stored within the bone matrix?

Calcium salts, consisting mostly of calcium phosphate, along with lesser amounts of other minerals.