Immunohematology and Blood Banking Flashcards

Vocabulary practice flashcards generated from blood banking and immunohematology exam review questions.

Zeta potential

An electrical charge surrounding red blood cells in solution that enhancement media reduce in order to promote hemagglutination in the presence of IgG antibodies.

2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)

A red blood cell metabolite whose concentration decreases in a unit of red blood cells during storage.

Acute normovolemic hemodilution

An intraoperative patient blood management strategy involving the removal of autologous blood and simultaneous replacement with cell-free fluid before surgical blood loss.

HPA-1a isoimmunization

Maternal antibody formation against platelet antigen HPA-1a, which can cross the placenta and cause neonatal thrombocytopenia.

Diversion pouch

A practice incorporated at the time of blood collection that helps minimize bacterial contamination of platelet products by isolating the first portion of drawn blood.

LISS (Low Ionic Strength Solution)

An enhancement medium that facilitates antibody uptake by reducing the zeta potential around red blood cells.

Trypanosoma cruzi

A parasite whose positive blood test result causes an indefinite deferral of a donor from future blood donation.

Factor VIII

A blood coagulation component used in the treatment of hemophilia A.

D antigen

The most immunogenic blood group antigen, having the greatest ability to initiate antibody production in an individual who lacks it.

DTT (Dithiothreitol)

A blood bank chemical reagent used to destroy Kell system antigens on red blood cells, resulting in Kell null cells.

Autosomal codominant

The mode of genetic inheritance characteristic of most human blood group system antigens.

Proteolytic enzymes

Enzymes used to treat red blood cells in immunohematology testing that characteristically destroy antigens such as Fya.

Red Blood Cells, Leukocytes Reduced storage temperature

The standard storage temperature range required for leukocyte-reduced red blood cells, which is $1\text{ to }6^\text{o}\text{C}$.

Irradiated Red Blood Cells

The modified red blood cell component required for patients in the immediate post-bone marrow transplant period or for infants who have received intrauterine transfusions to prevent transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease.

Platelet preparation from Whole Blood

A process requiring a light spin followed by a hard spin of the whole blood unit.

Myasthenia gravis

A disease state treated with therapeutic plasma exchange to remove circulating autoantibodies.

Polyspecific AHG

An anti-human globulin reagent containing both anti-IgG and anti-C3d antibodies.

4+ reaction in gel technology

A reaction strength in gel testing where agglutinated red blood cells form a solid layer at the top of the gel microtube media.

N-Acetylgalactosamine

The immunodominant sugar responsible for conferring ABO blood group A antigen specificity.

Indirect antiglobulin test (IAT)

An in vitro test method used in routine antibody detection screening, crossmatching, and phenotyping.

Kell antigen

A highly immunogenic red blood cell antigen frequently implicated in severe hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN).

Kleihauer-Betke stain

An acid elution staining method used on maternal blood samples to quantify fetal red blood cells and calculate the volume of fetomaternal hemorrhage.

Apheresis Platelets transport temperature

The required transport temperature range of $20\text{ to }24^\text{o}\text{C}$ maintained for apheresis platelets.

Anti-human globulin serum

A reagent utilized to produce visible hemagglutination after red blood cells have been sensitized with non-agglutinating IgG antibodies.

I antigen

The target antigen specificity commonly associated with cold autoantibodies in cold agglutinin disease.

Paroxysmal Cold Hemoglobinuria (PCH) autoantibody

A biphasic autoantibody with cold-reactive, IgG anti-P specificity.

Macroglobulinemia therapeutic plasma exchange

A therapeutic plasma exchange procedure performed to remove excess monoclonal IgM antibodies from circulation.

Dolichos biflorus

A plant lectin that agglutinates A1 cells and is used to resolve ABO subgroup discrepancies.