biology heart and other

Which vessel carries blood from the heart to the lungs

The pulmonary arteries

What substance is transported upward in a plant through the xylem

Water

What type of blood vessel has thick, muscular walls and a small lumen

Arteries

Which plant tissue carries water from the roots to the leaves

Xylem

Which type of blood vessel, arteries or veins has a narrower lumen

Arteries

Artificial hearts can be given to those who are waiting for which medical procedure

Heart transplant

What type of blood vessels carry blood toward the heart

Veins

Which type of blood vessels carry blood at high pressures

Arteries

Define health

The state of physical and mental well being

Communicable disease

Disease that can be spread from one person to another

Non communicable disease

Disease that cannot be spread to people

Give 2 examples each of communicable and non communicable

C, flu, tuberculosis NC, coronary heart disease, lung cancer

Explain links between lifestyle and health

Lifestyle choices affect a large portion of health and quality of life, for example diet and nutrition, ( obesity and type 2 diabetes) exercise (weight gain and muscle loss)

what are pathogens

A microscopic organism commonly called a germ

What are the 4 pathogens

Viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites

How are pathogens spread from one organism to another

Through physical touch, bodily fluids such as saliva, and droplets (breathing in droplets)

Explain how bacteria reproduce using binary fission

A single cell grows and splitting into 2 genetically identical cells ( DNA replication )

How can the spread of disease be reduced or prevented

vaccines, good hygiene, handwashing, good physical and mental health

Why are viral infections often more difficult to prevent and treat than bacterial infections

Because Viruses live inside the body’s cells and use the cells to copy themselves whereas bacterial infections are treated with antibiotics

Methods to control the spread of salmonella and gonorrheoa

Better hygiene food preparation, contraception

Name some diseases that are caused by bacteria

Pneumonia, cholera, tetanus

What causes malaria and how to control its spread

Caused by mosquitoe bites and stop with vaccination, wearing long sleeves/trousers after dusk

How does your body stop pathogens getting in

Stomach acid kills bacteria, nose hairs to trap dust, skin thought outer layer

How do your white blood cells protect you from disease

Eat the germs, use chemical protection called antibodies

Variety of plant pathogens

Fungi bacteria virus nematodes

How to detect plant disease

Discolouration, unusual grows( fuzzy layer) decay and rot

What are the way plants protect themselves against pathogens and herbivores

Waxy cuticle , thick bark, leaf movements