COMPS: Geriatric Cognitive Communication (Aging) (Asa Marie Quizlet)

Parkinsonism is caused due to a lack of

Dopamine

The involuntary swinging head movement associated with Parkinson disease is called

Dyskinesia

What matter of the brain is comprised of

Axons

This area of the brain produced dopamine:

Substantia Nigra

A white, fatty substance located on the surface of the long "tails" of neurons that increases the speed of the neural propagation:

Myelin

The medication used to treat Parkinsonism is called

L-Dopa

Rubbing of the thumb and forefinger (common among patients with Parkinsonism) is called

Pill-Rolling

Slowed movements related to Parkinsonism are called

Bradykinesia

The best-known and most common disorder under the umbrella of dementia:

Alzheimer's

Your brain contains approximately how many neurons?

100 Billion

Damage to this area of the brain can cause conduction aphasia:

Brodmann's Area 39

This fissure separates the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe:

Rolandic

Individuals born between 1946-1964 are referred to as

Baby Boomers

How much can people in your age group contribute to a Roth IRA in 2026?

$7,500

The lack of his neurotransmitter substance causes myasthenia gravis:

Acetylcholine

In 1973, this U.S. President decoupled the value of the dollar from gold altogether:

Nixon

Who purportedly said, "Compound interest is the Eighth Wonder of the World. He who understands it, earns it... he who doesn't pays it."

Einstein

Money is nothing but paper. Gold has been used as the currency of choice since 643 B.C.E in this country, which is present-day Turkey:

Lydia

Raised areas of the brain are called

Gyri (convolutions)

Elderly individuals (age 50 and older) make up almost what percentage of the U.S. population?

40%

This lobe is the "visual" lobe of the brain:

Occipital

Severing the LMN will always result in

Flaccid Paralysis

The "hearing center" of the brain is called

Heschl's Gyrus

The "relay center" of the brain is called

Thalamus

What is the minimum percentage of income you should plan to contribute toward your retirement each month?

10%

The part of a neuron forms functional relationships with other neurons:

Dendrites

Longest cranial nerve in the body:

Vagus

Repeated sequences on ends of DNA strands are called

Telomeres

Most organ systems appear to lose function at a rate of approximately ___% per year beginning at age 30:

1%

Name a type of brain imaging:

CT, MRI, PET, or fMRI

The cranial nerves and the nerves that branch off the spinal cord make up the ____ nervous system.

peripheral

"TIA" refers to a

Transient Ischemic Attack

This fissure separates the frontal lobe from the temporal lobe:

Sylvian

The gray matter of the brain is made up of

dendrites

Technically, the ability "to walk" is called

ambulation

A common, everyday term used for dementia is (not Alzheimer's):

senility

This type of speech is produced when there is damage to the posterior ¼ of the temporal lobe of the brain:

jargon speech (confabulations)

Name an electrolyte required for neural propagation:

Sodium, Potassium, or Calcium

Broca's area is also referred to as:

Brodmann's Area 44

This type of language is produced when there is damage Broca's area:

nonfluent/telegraphic

"CSF" refers to

Cerebrospinal Fluid

Acetylcholine, serotonin, and dopamine are all examples of

neurotransmitters

____ is an inevitable biological process in all living organisms.

Aging

"SLOT" refers to the Second Law of

Thermodynamics

The act or process of decreasing, gradual reduction:

decremental

Another name for ALS is

Lou Gehrig's Disease

Articles and prepositions provide examples of ____ words.

function

That part of the functional capability of the organ system that the individual does not use under ordinary circumstances:

reserve capacity

The acronym "IADLs" refers to

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living

Approximately what percentage of individuals in the U.S. over the age of 65 has a significant hearing impairment?

40%

A significant cause of presbycusis is probably the result of

environmental insults

"SSNHL" is defined as a "drop of (how many) dB in three continuous frequencies over a period of less than 3 days."

30

"Ibuprofen" is the pharmocological term for

Advil

Presbycusis is a bilateral high-frequency symmetrical hearing loss that typically affects the following frequencies:

4000-8000 Hz

The elderly population are prone to a wide variety of communication disorders (particularly those that are neurologically-based). Duffy (1995) reported on 4,756 clients, and he found that the MOST common neurologically-based disorders among the elderly population were:

Motor-Speech disorders (dysarthria, AOS)

Unstable atoms of molecules that cause oxidative stress to cell structures and function resulting in chronic excessive inflammation:

free radicals

The hearing area of the brain that detects sound:

Heschyl's gyrus

One of the fruits with the highest anti-oxidants:

blueberries

This type of incontinence is often referred to as an "overactive bladder" where a person may leak urine before getting to the bathroom:

urge

The most primitve type of muscle tissue is called

smooth

The top blood pressure number (higher number) measures the pressure in the arteries when the heart beats:

systolic

This is the leading cause of hospitalization in people over age 65:

Congestive Heart Failure (CHF)

The primary heart artery that pumps blood to the lower extremities is called the

aorta

Inflammation of the small, fluid-filled sacs that cushions the bones, tendons, and muscles near the joins is called

bursitis

What is the most common musculoskeletal condition?

osteoarthritis

Overall, brain weight begins dropping at approximately age 40. By the time you reach age 90, you can expect to experience this percentage loss in brain weight

10%

A compression followed by a rarefaction is called

cycle

Gradual blurring of close-up vision that occurs at approximately age 40 is called ____.

presbyopia

This type of HL is caused when sound waves are not properly directed through the ear canal or the middle ear:

conductive

The professional term for "ear wax"

cerumen

Another name for the eustachian tube is the ___.

auditory tube

This condition is caused by a build-up of protein in the lens of the eye that prevents light from passing through the lens to the retina:

cataracts

The leading cause of vision loss and blindness among Americans who are age 65 or older:

macular degeneration

The perception of sound in the head or ears ("ringing in the ears") when no outside sound is actually present is called

tinnitus

This term refers to the third stage of anything

tertiary

The technical names for the three bones in the middle ear:

1. Incus

2. Stapes

3. Malleus

The common names for the three bones in the middle ear:

1. Incus = Anvil

2. Stapes = Stirrup

3. Malleus = Hammer

This cranial nerve conducts an electrical signal from the inner ear to the hearing center of the brain:

CN VIII

The visible parts of the ear that resides outside the head can be referred to as the ___ and ___.

-pinna

-auricle

A HL to the inner ear is referred to as a ___ HL.

sensorineural

Poisonous substances that can damage hearing are considered

ototoxins

The technical term for a hold in the tympanic membrane:

perforated eardrum

The three bones in the middle ear collectively are called the

ossicles

An abnormal growth of bone in the middle ear that creates an arthritic-like condition (disease) that impedes sound from traveling through the middle of the ear is called

otosclerosis

Tactile sensitivity is also known as

somesthetics

The technical tern used when the cells that are designed to fight off infectious agents attack your own body is called ___ disease.

autoimmune

Nerve damage to the extremities (often caused by poor circulation in diabetic patients) is referred to as

neuropathy

This term is used for the volume of blood pumped from one ventricle of the hear with each bear (it usually refers to the left ventricle):

stroke volume

Name one of the two inner layers of the ateries:

1. Tunica Intima

2. Tunica Media

3. Tunica Externa

An acquired inability to motor plan volitional movement for speech production in the absence of musclulat weakness:

apraxia

Forming, originating in, or controlled by nervous tissue:

neurogenic

Of or relating to races or large groups of people who have the same customs, religion, origin, etc.:

ethnic group

These cells are damaged, but they resist dying. They keep staying alive, and secrete substances that damage surrounding still healthy cells:

senile cells

Originating in the mind, or in mental or emotional conflict:

psychogenic

Arising spontaneously of from an obscure or unknown cause (such as ALS or myasthenia gravis):

idiopathic

The process of changing to fit some purpose or situation; a change in a plant or animal that makes it better able to live in a particular place or situation:

adaptation

When undisturbed, air molecules are said to be in a state of equilibrium, and they remain motionless, except for ___ Movement.

Brownian