UCLA Chem 14C -> Functional Groups and Degree Designations

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Last updated 5:14 PM on 8/3/26
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34 Terms

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Hydrocarbons

Molecules that only contain an H and a C

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R

Represents the Carbon Group in a Kekule molecule model

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Alkane

A Hydrocarbon that contains single bonds

<p>A Hydrocarbon that contains single bonds</p>
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Alkene

A Hydrocarbon that contains a C-C double bond

<p>A Hydrocarbon that contains a C-C double bond</p>
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Alkyne

A Hydrocarbon that contains a C-C triple bond

<p>A Hydrocarbon that contains a C-C triple bond</p>
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Benzene/Phenyl Ring

A Hydrocarbon that has a 6-membered ring, 3 double bonds

<p>A Hydrocarbon that has a 6-membered ring, 3 double bonds</p>
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Isopropyl

Carbon with two lines attached

<p>Carbon with two lines attached</p>
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Tertbutyl

Carbon with 3 lines attached

<p>Carbon with 3 lines attached</p>
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Methyl

Non-Hydrogen Group connected to a CH3 group.

<p>Non-Hydrogen Group connected to a CH3 group.</p>
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Ethyl

Non-Hydrogen group connected to a CH2 group, which is also connected to a CH3 group.

<p>Non-Hydrogen group connected to a CH2 group, which is also connected to a CH3 group.</p>
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Propyl

Non-Hydrogen Group connected to 2 CH2 groups, who then connect to a CH3 group.

<p>Non-Hydrogen Group connected to 2 CH2 groups, who then connect to a CH3 group.</p>
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Butyl

Non-Hydrogen Group connected to 3 CH2 groups, which are then connected to a CH3 group.

<p>Non-Hydrogen Group connected to 3 CH2 groups, which are then connected to a CH3 group.</p>
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Alkyl Halide

A Heteroatomic Compound Alkane where 1 hydrogen is replaced with a halogen (F, Cl, Br, I, etc.).

<p>A Heteroatomic Compound Alkane where 1 hydrogen is replaced with a halogen (F, Cl, Br, I, etc.).</p>
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Amine

A Heteroatomic Compound that has an N with 3 bonds and a lone pair.

<p>A Heteroatomic Compound that has an N with 3 bonds and a lone pair.</p>
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Alcohol

A Heteroatomic Compound that has "C-O-H" group in it

<p>A Heteroatomic Compound that has "C-O-H" group in it</p>
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Ethers

A Heteroatomic Compound that has "C-O-C" group in it

<p>A Heteroatomic Compound that has "C-O-C" group in it</p>
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Thiols

A Heteroatomic Compound that has "C-S-H" group in it

<p>A Heteroatomic Compound that has "C-S-H" group in it</p>
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Sulfides

A Heteroatomic Compound that has a "C-S-C" group in it

<p>A Heteroatomic Compound that has a "C-S-C" group in it</p>
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Carbonyl Compounds

Molecules that contain a C-O double bond.

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Aldehyde

A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with H and C bonded to that double bond

<p>A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with H and C bonded to that double bond</p>
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Ketone

A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with 2 carbons bonded to that double bond.

<p>A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with 2 carbons bonded to that double bond.</p>
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Amide

A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with N and C bonding to that double bond.

<p>A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with N and C bonding to that double bond.</p>
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Carboxylic Acid

A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with OH and C bonding to that double bond

<p>A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with OH and C bonding to that double bond</p>
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Ester

A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with "O-C-C" bonding to that double bond.

<p>A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with "O-C-C" bonding to that double bond.</p>
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Anhydride

A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with an O atom that bridges another C-O double bond,

<p>A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with an O atom that bridges another C-O double bond,</p>
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Acid Chloride

A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with Cl and C bonding to that double bond.

<p>A carbonyl compound that contains C-O double bond with Cl and C bonding to that double bond.</p>
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Imine

A compound that contains a C-N double bond (N bonded to H or C, C bonded to H or C).

<p>A compound that contains a C-N double bond (N bonded to H or C, C bonded to H or C).</p>
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Nitro

A compound that contains a NO2 bond, with one of the N-O bonds being a double bond.

<p>A compound that contains a NO2 bond, with one of the N-O bonds being a double bond.</p>
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Nitrile

A compound that contains a C-N triple bond.

<p>A compound that contains a C-N triple bond.</p>
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Degree Designations

Classification of compounds or functional groups based on the number of carbon atoms attached to a central atom

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Primary (1 degree)

One carbon group is attached to a central atom

<p>One carbon group is attached to a central atom</p>
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Secondary (2 degree)

Two carbon groups are attached to a central atom.

<p>Two carbon groups are attached to a central atom.</p>
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Tertiary (3 degree)

Three carbon groups are attached to a central atom.

<p>Three carbon groups are attached to a central atom.</p>
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Quaternary (4 degree)

Four carbon groups are attached to a central atom