New Testament Test 2

What are the "Gospels"?

Mathew, Mark, Luke, and John.

It is a proclamation of the good news of Jesus Christ

What makes gospels different from modern biography?

Gospels are a proclamation testimonies of Jesus Christ

What does “Synoptic” mean?

“Seeing together”

Which Gospels are synoptic?

Mathew, Mark, and Luke

Which two Gospel writers were apostles and eyewitnesses?

Matthew and John, both of the original twelve.

Which two gospels were close to an apostle and to whom each?

Gospel of Mark was close to Peter (translatpr)

Gospel of Luke was close to Paul

What is special about Luke’s writing?

He emphasizes gentiles, women, socially marginalized, prayer, and holy spirit.

What makes John’s gospel different in style and emphasis from the Synoptic gospels?

John places much emphasis on identity and deity of Jesus Christ

What question did Jesus ask at Caesarea Philippi? What was Peter’s response?

“Who do you say that I am?”

“You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.

Why does the source argue that neutrality about Jesus is impossible?

If Jesus was just a man, Christianity crumbles

What can historical investigation establish about Jesus, and what can it not establish?

Historical investigation can establish that Jesus lived, was crucified, that His followers believed He rose from the dead, and that they proclaimed Him throughout the Roman world. But historical investigation alone cannot answer who Jesus is

Distinguish contextualization from syncretism.

Contextualization is making the bible understandable without changing the message.

Syncretism blends beliefs

What does the title “Christ” mean, and what Old Testament concept does it correspond to?

Christ meaning “Christo” means “The Anointed One”

Corresponds to the Hebrew concept of Messiah

What is the Protoevangelium?

A promise

Where can the Protovangelium be found?

in Genesis after Adam and Eve’s judgement

What does the Protovangelium promise?

The seed of the woman would crush the serpent’s head

What does the title “Lord” communicate about Jesus that a title like “teacher” would not?

Emphasizes Jesus's authority, sovereignty, and divine status.

Calling him lord is confession to his authority

Explain the significance of Jesus's statement “before Abraham was, I AM” in John 8:58.

Asserts Christ divinity

Which two Gospels contain birth and infancy narratives?

Matthew and Luke

What does Matthew's genealogy emphasize, and what does Luke's genealogy emphasize by tracing back to Adam?

Matthew's genealogy emphasizes Jesus's connection to Abraham and David, establishing Him as the legal heir to David's royal line.

Luke's genealogy extends further, emphasizing Jesus's relationship to humanity as a whole

Explain the difference between Joseph as Jesus's legal father and the virgin conception accomplished by the Holy Spirit

Mary conceived Jesus through the Holy spirit. The virgin part makes Jesus fully God and fully human

What is the “Four Hundred Silent Years”?

The roughly four centuries between the Old Testament and New Testament

How did circumstances in the Roman world help prepare for the gospel's spread?

The roman world provided roads, political stability, but most importantly a common language (greek).

Why was Bethlehem significant as Jesus's birthplace, and what brought Joseph and Mary there?

His birthplace fulfilled the prophetic expectation for the messiah’s birthplace

Jospeh and Mary traveled to Bethlehem because of the Roman census

What three titles does Luke 2:11 use to announce Jesus to the shepherds?

Savior, Christ, and Lord

Who were the Magi, and what does their visit demonstrate about the scope of Jesus's mission?

Magi were Gentiles who sought Jesus

This demonstrated Jesus’s mission extends beyond Israel

What happened when Jesus was twelve years old, and what does the event reveal about Him?

At twelve, Jesus's parents found Him in the Temple, sitting among the teachers, listening and asking questions

It demonstrates His remarkable awareness of His relationship to His heavenly Father

Describe John the Baptist's message and explain what biblical repentance involves.

“Repent, for the kingdom of heaven is at hand”

Repentance involving a change of mind and direction, turning away from sin and toward God

What happened at Jesus's baptism, and how does it reveal the Trinity?

the Father speaking from heaven, the Son being baptized, and the Spirit descending like a dove.

How did Jesus respond to Satan's temptations in the wilderness, and what does that response demonstrate?

He responded to each temptation by appealing to Scripture, demonstrating perfect obedience where Adam and Israel had failed.

Define the Kingdom of God

The Kingdom of God is not primarily a geographic territory — it is God's reign and rule over creation wherever His authority is recognized and obeyed.

Explain the “already / not yet” tension.

The Kingdom is both already (Jesus is King, God's reign has entered history, sins are forgiven, demons flee, the sick are healed) and not yet (the Kingdom has not reached its final consummation; Christ will return; creation will be fully restored)

What is the “Constitution of the Kingdom”

Describes what the Kingdom looks like

What do the Beatitudes reveal about Kingdom values?

Showed that Kingdom values frequently reverse worldly values

In what three ways did Jesus fulfill the Law rather than abolish it?

The sacrificial system anticipating Christ as the Lamb of God

The priesthood anticipating Him as the Great High Priest

The Temple anticipating God's dwelling with His people.

What did Jesus mean by teaching that murder begins with hatred and adultery begins with lust?

Righteousness begins in the heart, not just outward behaviour.

What does the Parable of the Sower teach?

How people respond to God’s word

What does the Hidden Treasure and Pearl of Great Price teach?

The value of the Kingdom of God

What does The Wheat and Tares teach?

Good and Bad will coexist until Jesus returns

What did Jesus mean by “deny yourself, take up your cross, and follow Me”?

The Gospel is freely offered, but discipleship is costly and requires complete allegiance rather than partial admiration.

What did Peter confess at Caesarea Philippi, and who appeared with Jesus at the Transfiguration?

Peter confessed, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God”

At the Transfiguration, Jesus appeared with Moses and Elijah

Why does the source describe Jesus's miracles as “signs” rather than mere displays of power?

The miracles reveal that Jesus is the promised Messiah

Over what four categories did Jesus demonstrate divine authority through His miracles?

Jesus demonstrated authority over nature, disease, demons, and death

What does the account of the Gadarene demoniac reveal about Jesus's authority over the spiritual realm?

Showing that Christ possesses authority over Satan's kingdom and that the Kingdom of God has invaded the realm of darkness.

How do the healing of the bleeding woman and the raising of Jairus's daughter show that Jesus's miracles combined power with compassion?

Showing His concern extended even to ordinary human needs.

What does physical blindness illustrate in the accounts of Jesus healing the blind?

An illustration of spiritual blindness 

How do the feedings of the five thousand and the four thousand each point to the nature of God's Kingdom?

Demonstrates that God's Kingdom extends beyond Israel to the Gentiles

What did Jesus declare about Himself before raising Lazarus

 “I am the resurrection and the life”

What does that miracle point to beyond Lazarus's own restoration?

The miracle points beyond Lazarus's temporary restoration to Jesus's own authority over death itself.

Why is it significant that Jesus entered Jerusalem on a donkey rather than a war horse?

Deliberately fulfilling Zechariah's prophecy

The choice presented Jesus as a humble King rather than a military revolutionary.

How does Jesus fulfill and transform the meaning of the Passover?

Jesus transformed its meaning by becoming the true Passover Lamb

What did washing the disciples' feet demonstrate about true greatness and leadership?

Demonstrated that true greatness is found in humble service, leadership begins in service.

What four things does the Lord's Supper point believers to?

It points to Christ's sacrifice,

the New Covenant,

the continuing proclamation of His death,

and His promised return, continually directing the Church back to the Gospel.

What did Jesus pray in Gethsemane, and what does that prayer reveal about the nature of the cross?

 Jesus submitted completely to the Father's will — “Not My will, but Yours”

Jesus willingly laid down His life in obedience to the Father.

Describe the nature of Roman crucifixion, and explain who was compelled to carry Jesus's cross and why.

 Crucifixion involved maximum suffering and maximum humiliation.

 Simon of Cyrene

What does the statement “It is finished” declare?

Not that His life had simply ended, but a declaration that the redemptive work He came to accomplish was complete.

Name at least four Old Testament passages or themes that converge in Christ's Passion

Exodus 12

Psalm 41

Zechariah 13

Isaiah 53

What details does Matthew include about the tomb that support a historical, bodily resurrection rather than a stolen body?

Matthew records the Roman guard at the tomb

The guarded, sealed tomb provides important historical context for the resurrection claim.

Why do differing details among the Gospel resurrection accounts not necessarily indicate contradiction?

Different eyewitness accounts can emphasize different details while remaining consistent

What did Peter and John find in the tomb, and why does the condition of the grave clothes matter?

Peter and John found the tomb empty, with the linen wrappings still present and the face cloth separate

The condition of the grave clothes argues against the idea that the body had simply been stolen

How did Mary Magdalene come to recognize the risen Jesus?

She recognized His voice

What did Thomas confess upon seeing the risen Christ, and why is that confession significant?

“My Lord and my God”

Powerful confession of Jesus’s identity

What does the resurrection guarantee or secure, according to the lecture?

IT guarantees justification, sanctification, glorification, and the believer's future resurrection, and secures Christ's ongoing ministry — He now reigns, intercedes, shepherds His Church, and prepares for His return.

What four events does the source say the Church's existence depends on?

The Church exists because of the completed work of the cross, the resurrection, the ascension, and Pentecost

What does each of the two ordinances — baptism and the Lord's Supper — point believers back to?

They point the Church/believers back to Christ