Nutrition and Diet Therapy 12th Edition Roth Test Bank

Proteins

Nutrients that help build and repair body tissues.

Malnutrition Risk

Not attributable to eating a variety of foods.

Low Nutrient Density Foods

Examples include potato chips.

Disease States

Atherosclerosis, hypertension, and obesity are attributable to a low-nutrient-density diet.

Calcium

Mineral needed to prevent osteoporosis.

Anthropometric Measurements

Involves measuring percentage of body fluid.

Blood Samples

Biochemical analysis to indicate kidney failure.

Dietary History Assessment

Most common method is 24-hour recall.

Riboflavin

Nutrient deficiency displaying lesions at the corners of the mouth.

Obesity

Increases the risk of developing diabetes.

Good Health Habits

Best taught through imitation of adult behavior.

Iron

Most common form of nutrient deficiency in the United States.

Protein Status

Measured using serum albumin level.

Depleted Muscle Mass

Indicated by creatinine excretion.

Anemia

Indicated by a hemoglobin test.

Urinalysis

Detects protein and sugar excretion in urine.

Poor Nutritional Status

Characterized by apathy.

Scurvy

Related to vitamin C deficiency.

Lipid Profile

Includes serum triglycerides and high-density lipoproteins.

Goiter

Deficiency disease related to iodine deficiency.

Inorganic Nutrients

Include minerals.

Vitamin D

Necessary for the utilization of calcium in the body.

Social History

Important to determine client's financial resources and ability to obtain needed food.

Data Collection Methods

Include social history, 24-hour diet recall, food diary, and review of medical records.

Adolescent and Elderly Malnutrition

Caused by peer pressure, lifestyle, loneliness, and financial constraints.

Optimal Nutritional Balance

Characterized by well-shaped bones and teeth in an 18-year-old female.

Dietary Guidelines for Americans

Recommend focusing on variety, nutrient density, and amount of food.

Weight Loss

Should not exceed 1-1 1/2 pounds per week.

Saturated Fat Intake

Recommendation for a healthy individual is less than 10% of total calorie intake.

Sodium

Excessive amounts in the diet can contribute to hypertension.

Whole Grains Consumption

Strive to make half of all grains consumed be whole grains.

MyPlate

Recommends two cups of fruits and three cups of vegetables for a 1,800-calorie diet.

Nutrition Labeling Regulations

Became mandatory in 1994.

Food Label

Must include total carbohydrates and cholesterol per serving.

Low Sodium

Means fewer than 140 mg per serving.

Kosher

Refers to foods prepared according to Jewish dietary laws.

Gallbladder

Stores and releases bile to aid in fat digestion.

Large Intestine Absorption

Absorbs water, synthesizes some B vitamins and vitamin K.

Fiber

Promotes health of the large intestine and regular bowel movements.

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

Decreases with age and is influenced by lean body mass, heredity, and climate.

Starch

Storage form of carbohydrate.

Hyperglycemia

High blood glucose condition.

Glucose

Simplest form of carbohydrate.

Insulin

Controls the rate of glucose metabolism.

Carbohydrate Metabolism Waste Products

Carbon dioxide and water.

Fructose

Monosaccharide product of milk digestion.

Polysaccharide

Example includes starch.

Bran

Tough outer covering of a grain kernel.

Glycogen

Major source of energy for the body.

Lactose Intolerance

Caused by insufficient lactase.