UMN BA 3001 Race Power and Justice in Business Exam 1 Flashcards

Bias

A tendency or prejudice for or against something or someone.

Stereotype

An oversimplified generalization about a group of people.

Identity

The traits (race, gender, class, etc.) that shape how someone sees themselves and how others see them.

Privilege

Unearned advantages given to certain groups based on identity (e.g., white privilege).

Microaggression

Everyday comments or actions that subtly insult or exclude marginalized groups.

Example of a Microaggression

Saying "You speak English so well!" or "I don't see color."

Implicit Bias

Unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect understanding and actions.

Affinity Bias

Favoring people who are similar to oneself.

Why Race is a Social Construct

Race isn't biological—it's a social idea used to justify inequality.

Types of Racism

Individual, institutional, and systemic racism.

Equality

Everyone gets the same resources.

Equity

Resources are given based on need to ensure fairness.

Inequality

Unequal access to opportunities or resources.

Justice

Removing barriers that cause inequality.

Multidimensional Inequality

Exists across income, education, housing, and health.

Intergenerational Inequality

Disadvantages passed down through families.

Systemic Inequality

Inequality built into institutions and policies.

Neoliberalism (Perspective)

Believes free markets are efficient; minimal government interference; everyone competes equally.

Unitarism (Perspective)

Workplace seen as one family with shared goals; conflict is rare.

Pluralism (Perspective)

Recognizes competing interests and power imbalances; supports negotiation and regulation.

Critical Perspective

Views capitalism as the source of inequality; discrimination is structural.

Neoliberal Solution to Discrimination

Let the market fix it through competition (meritocracy).

Pluralist Solution to Discrimination

Use unions, regulations, and negotiation.

Critical Solution to Discrimination

Reform structures and redistribute power/resources.

Racial Capitalism

Profit gained by exploiting racial differences.

Why the Transatlantic Slave Trade Began

To obtain cheap labor and maximize economic profit.

How Slavery Influenced the U.S. Economy

Fueled agriculture, banking, trade, and industry.

Why Racial Capitalism Was Possible

Whiteness justified exploitation and ownership over others.

Colonialism & Racial Capitalism Connection

Colonial powers used racial hierarchies to exploit land and labor.

Colonialism & Global Supply Chain

Modern supply chains still rely on cheap labor in formerly colonized areas.

How the North Benefited from Slavery

Northern banks, factories, and trade profited from slave-produced goods.

Plantation Management & Modern Management

Both emphasized efficiency, productivity, and labor control.

Black Codes

Post-slavery laws restricting Black freedom and forcing cheap labor.

Tulsa Race Massacre

1921 attack that destroyed a wealthy Black community, erasing Black wealth.

Racialized Management

Workplace systems enforcing segregation and unequal pay.

Redlining

Denying loans or insurance to Black neighborhoods.

Impact of Redlining

Created lasting racial wealth and housing gaps.

New Deal Compromise

Excluded Black workers (domestic/agricultural) to satisfy Southern Democrats.

Result of New Deal Compromise

Worsened racial inequality and limited Black economic progress.